有没有人知道:如何在python中设计一个接口,以便对于调用者来说,它可以跟踪一段代码中两点之间的时间?
例如:如果我们有几段代码,我们将它们标记为A,B,C,D,那么我们如何跟踪这些片段的运行时以及整个代码段的运行时呢?
这听起来像是你可以很好地使用装饰器的东西,比如 entryExit 装饰器可以记录在每个装饰函数中花费的时间:
class entryExit(object):
def __init__(self, f):
self.f = f
def __call__(self):
print "Entering", self.f.__name__
self.f()
print "Exited", self.f.__name__
@entryExit
def func1():
print "inside func1()"
@entryExit
def func2():
print "inside func2()"
编辑:现在支持函数/方法装饰器
我做了这样的事情:
import timeit
from collections import OrderedDict
class TimeMarkContextManager(object):
def __init__(self, mgr, key):
self.mgr = mgr
self.key = key
def __enter__(self):
self.mgr.mark("%s.start" % self.key)
def __exit__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.mgr.mark("%s.stop" % self.key)
class TimeMark(object):
def __init__(self):
self.marks = OrderedDict()
def mark(self, key):
self.marks[key] = timeit.default_timer()
def manager(self, key):
return TimeMarkContextManager(self, key)
def pprint(self):
base = self.marks.values()[0]
last = None
for (k,v) in self.marks.iteritems():
delta_base = "%.3f" % (v - base)
delta_last = "%.3f" % (v - last) if last is not None else "---"
print("%-20s %8s %8s" % (k, delta_base, delta_last))
last = v
def TimeMe(mgr, key=None):
def TimeDeco(f):
def func_wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
k = f.__name__ if key is None else key
mgr.mark("%s.start" % k)
rv = f(*args, **kwargs)
mgr.mark("%s.stop" % k)
return rv
return func_wrapper
return TimeDeco
然后,您可以按如下方式使用它:
import time # Only required for time.sleep()
tm = TimeMark() # Initialize the TimeMark object
@TimeMe(tm) # Decorate a function, don't give it a special key
def sleep_four(): # (it will use the function name as a key)
time.sleep(4)
@TimeMe(tm, "sleep-five") # Decorate a function, override the default tag
def sleep_five():
time.sleep(5)
tm.mark("start") # Create a mark called "start"
time.sleep(2)
# Use a context manager to time a block
with tm.manager("sleep-thirty"):
time.sleep(10)
time.sleep(10)
time.sleep(10)
time.sleep(2)
sleep_four() # Call the sleep_four function.
# It'll show up as "sleep_four" (note underscore)
sleep_five() # Call the sleep_five function.
# It'll show up as "sleep-five" (note hyphen)
tm.mark("end") # Create a mark called "stop"
tm.pprint() # Print a list of timemarks
哪些输出:
开始 0.000 ---睡眠-三十.开始 1.999 1.999睡眠-三十.停止 32.001 30.002sleep_four.开始 34.001 2.000sleep_four.停止 38.001 4.000睡眠-五.开始 38.001 0.000睡眠-五.停止 43.002 5.000结束 43.002 0.000第一列是指定的键,第二列是自
设置第一个标记以来的时间增量,第三列是自上一个标记以来的时间增量。
现在我看到了史蒂夫·巴恩斯的答案,添加装饰器支持将不是一个很好的补充。