如何检查一组坐标是否与Python中的俄罗斯方块匹配



我正在处理俄罗斯方块。

工件由坐标定义,其中每个工件都有一个原点块(0,0)因此,根据放置原点块的位置,L块可以定义为[(0,0), (0,1), (0,2), (1,2)][(0,-1), (0,0), (0,1), (1,1)]

我想检查一组坐标a(例如[(50,50), (50,51), (50,52), (51,52)](是否与给定俄罗斯方块B的形状匹配。

我目前正在使用numpy从A中的每个值中提取一个A值,以达到相对坐标,然后与B进行比较。A的顺序总是递增的,但不能保证与B的顺序相匹配。B与其他俄罗斯方块一起存储在一个列表中,在整个程序中,它的原点块将保持不变。下面的方法似乎效率低下,没有考虑B.的旋转/反射

def isAinB(A,B):  # A and B are numpy arrays
for i in range(len(A)):
matchCoords = A - A[i]
setM = set([tuple(x) for x in matchCoords])
setB = set([tuple(x) for x in B])
if setM == setB:  # Sets are used here because the ordering of M and B are not guarenteed to match
return True
return False

是否有一种有效的方法/功能来实现这一点?(如有可能,还应考虑旋转和反射(

这是一种方法。其想法是首先在一些规范坐标中构建一个片段的所有变体集(每个片段类型可以这样做一次并重用它(,然后将给定的片段放在相同的规范坐标中并进行比较。

# Rotates a piece by 90 degrees
def rotate_coords(coords):
return [(y, -x) for x, y in coords]
# Returns a canonical coordinates representation of a piece as a frozen set
def canonical_coords(coords):
x_min = min(x for x, _ in coords)
y_min = min(y for _, y in coords)
return frozenset((y - y_min, x - x_min) for x, y in coords)
# Makes all possible variations of a piece (optionally including reflections)
# as a set of canonical representations
def make_piece_variations(piece, reflections=True):
variations = {canonical_coords(piece)}
for i in range(3):
piece = rotate_coords(piece)
variations.add(canonical_coords(piece))
if reflections:
piece_reflected = [(y, x) for x, y in piece]
variations.update(make_piece_variations(piece_reflected, False))
return variations
# Checks if a given piece is in a set of variations
def matches_piece(piece, variations):
return canonical_coords(piece) in variations

以下是一些测试:

# L-shaped piece
l_piece = [(0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2), (1, 2)]
l_piece_variations = make_piece_variations(l_piece, reflections=True)
# Same orientation
print(matches_piece([(50, 50), (50, 51), (50, 52), (51, 52)], l_piece_variations))
# True
# Rotated
print(matches_piece([(50, 50), (51, 50), (52, 50), (52, 49)], l_piece_variations))
# True
# Reflected and rotated
print(matches_piece([(50, 50), (49, 50), (48, 50), (48, 49)], l_piece_variations))
# True
# Rotated and different order of coordinates
print(matches_piece([(50, 48), (50, 50), (49, 48), (50, 49)], l_piece_variations))
# True
# Different piece
print(matches_piece([(50, 50), (50, 51), (50, 52), (50, 53)], l_piece_variations))
# False

这不是一个特别聪明的算法,但它可以在最小的约束下工作。

编辑:由于在您的情况下,您说第一个块和相对顺序将始终相同,因此您可以按如下方式重新定义规范坐标,使其更加优化(尽管性能差异可能可以忽略不计,并且其使用将受到更多限制(:

def canonical_coords(coords):
return tuple((y - coords[0][0], x - coords[0][1]) for x, y in coords[1:])

第一个坐标将始终为(0,0(,因此您可以跳过它并将其用作其余坐标的参考点,并且可以使用frozenset而不是tuple作为坐标序列。

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