我想我在Python 3中没有得到venv模块。我有一个AWS EC2实例，其中安装了yum(对于python(，我在下面列出了…因此默认的python和pip是2.7，而python3命令是3.6.5。在清单pip freeze中，2.7默认安装了很多东西，但运行python3 -m pip freeze显示3.6.5似乎没有安装任何东西。我想我可以通过使用python 3脚本为我的工作设置一个venv来更安全地安装一些模块。
使用python3 -m venv ~/venv/aws，我可以毫无问题地使用. venv/aws/bin/activate。现在python --version仍然是2.7.14，但我认为在激活的venv中安装python3的测试应该是python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip。这不起作用，因为首先它说它正在卸载pip 9.0.3，然后转到链接中的错误：
Collecting pip
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c2/d7/90f34cb0d83a6c5631cf71dfe64cc1054598c843a92b400e55675cc2ac37/pip-18.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: pip
Found existing installation: pip 9.0.3
Uninstalling pip-9.0.3:
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib64/python3.6/shutil.py", line 544, in move
os.rename(src, real_dst)
OSError: [Errno 18] Invalid cross-device link: '/usr/bin/pip' -> '/tmp/pip-183iq_uq-uninstall/usr/bin/pip'
我认为问题是，当激活venv时，我没有得到用于pippip3python和python3的venv/aws/bin，所以…激活有什么问题，我应该以不同的方式创建它吗？
百胜软件包列表：
libxml2-python27.x86_64 2.9.1-6.3.52.amzn1 @amzn-updates
newt-python27.x86_64 0.52.11-3.11.amzn1 installed
python26.x86_64 2.6.9-2.89.amzn1 @amzn-main
python26-libs.x86_64 2.6.9-2.89.amzn1 @amzn-main
python27.x86_64 2.7.14-1.123.amzn1 @amzn-updates
python27-PyYAML.x86_64 3.10-3.10.amzn1 installed
python27-babel.noarch 0.9.4-5.1.8.amzn1 installed
python27-backports.x86_64 1.0-3.14.amzn1 installed
python27-backports-ssl_match_hostname.noarch
3.4.0.2-1.12.amzn1 installed
python27-beautifulsoup4.noarch 4.6.0-1 @emr-platform
python27-boto.noarch 2.48.0-1.2.amzn1 installed
python27-botocore.noarch 1.8.13-1.66.amzn1 @amzn-main
python27-chardet.noarch 2.0.1-7.7.amzn1 installed
python27-colorama.noarch 0.2.5-1.7.amzn1 installed
python27-configobj.noarch 4.7.2-7.15.amzn1 installed
python27-crypto.x86_64 2.6.1-1.15.amzn1 @amzn-main
python27-daemon.noarch 1.5.2-1.5.amzn1 installed
python27-dateutil.noarch 2.1-1.3.amzn1 installed
python27-devel.x86_64 2.7.14-1.123.amzn1 @amzn-updates
python27-docs.noarch 2.7.10-1.21.amzn1 @amzn-main
python27-docutils.noarch 0.11-1.15.amzn1 installed
python27-ecdsa.noarch 0.11-3.3.amzn1 installed
python27-futures.noarch 3.0.3-1.3.amzn1 installed
python27-imaging.x86_64 1.1.6-19.9.amzn1 installed
python27-iniparse.noarch 0.3.1-2.1.9.amzn1 installed
python27-jinja2.noarch 2.7.2-2.15.amzn1 installed
python27-jmespath.noarch 0.9.2-1.12.amzn1 installed
python27-jsonpatch.noarch 1.2-2.5.amzn1 installed
python27-jsonpointer.noarch 1.0-3.4.amzn1 installed
python27-kitchen.noarch 1.1.1-5.6.amzn1 installed
python27-libs.x86_64 2.7.14-1.123.amzn1 @amzn-updates
python27-lockfile.noarch 0.8-3.5.amzn1 installed
python27-markupsafe.x86_64 0.11-4.6.amzn1 installed
python27-nltk.noarch 3.3-1 @emr-platform
python27-nose.noarch 1.3.0-1.11.amzn1 @amzn-main
python27-numpy.x86_64 1.14.5-1 @emr-bigtop
python27-paramiko.noarch 1.15.1-2.6.amzn1 @amzn-main
python27-pip.noarch 9.0.3-1.26.amzn1 @amzn-updates
python27-ply.noarch 3.4-3.12.amzn1 installed
python27-pyasn1.noarch 0.1.7-2.9.amzn1 installed
python27-pycurl.x86_64 7.19.0-17.12.amzn1 installed
python27-pygpgme.x86_64 0.3-9.12.amzn1 installed
python27-pyliblzma.x86_64 0.5.3-11.6.amzn1 installed
python27-pystache.noarch 0.5.3-2.8.amzn1 installed
python27-pyxattr.x86_64 0.5.0-1.6.amzn1 installed
python27-requests.noarch 1.2.3-5.10.amzn1 installed
python27-rsa.noarch 3.4.1-1.8.amzn1 installed
python27-sagemaker_pyspark.noarch 1.1.0-1 @emr-bigtop
python27-setuptools.noarch 36.2.7-1.33.amzn1 installed
python27-simplejson.x86_64 3.6.5-1.12.amzn1 installed
python27-six.noarch 1.8.0-1.23.amzn1 installed
python27-test.x86_64 2.7.14-1.123.amzn1 @amzn-updates
python27-tools.x86_64 2.7.14-1.123.amzn1 @amzn-updates
python27-urlgrabber.noarch 3.10-8.16.amzn1 installed
python27-urllib3.noarch 1.8.2-1.5.amzn1 installed
python27-virtualenv.noarch 15.1.0-1.14.amzn1 installed
python27-windmill.noarch 1.6-1 @emr-platform
python34.x86_64 3.4.8-1.39.amzn1 @amzn-updates
python34-beautifulsoup4.noarch 4.6.0-1 @emr-platform
python34-boto.noarch 2.48.0-1 @emr-platform
python34-dateutil.noarch 2.2-1 @emr-platform
python34-jmespath.noarch 0.9.3-1 @emr-platform
python34-libs.x86_64 3.4.8-1.39.amzn1 @amzn-updates
python34-lxml.x86_64 4.2.1-1 @emr-platform
python34-mysqlclient.x86_64 1.3.12-1 @emr-platform
python34-nltk.noarch 3.3-1 @emr-platform
python34-nose.noarch 1.3.7-1 @emr-platform
python34-numpy.x86_64 1.14.5-1 @emr-bigtop
python34-pytz.noarch 2018.4-1 @emr-platform
python34-pyyaml.x86_64 3.12-1 @emr-platform
python34-sagemaker_pyspark.noarch 1.1.0-1 @emr-bigtop
python34-six.noarch 1.11.0-1 @emr-platform
python34-windmill.noarch 1.6-1 @emr-platform
python36.x86_64 3.6.5-1.9.amzn1 @amzn-updates
rpm-python26.x86_64 4.11.3-21.75.amzn1 amzn-main
rrdtool-python26.x86_64 1.4.8-3.18.amzn1 amzn-main
rrdtool-python27.x86_64 1.4.8-3.18.amzn1 amzn-main
samba-python.x86_64 4.6.2-12.37.amzn1 amzn-main
setools-libs-python.x86_64 3.3.7-34.23.amzn1 amzn-main
subversion-python26.x86_64 1.9.7-1.58.amzn1 amzn-main
subversion-python27.x86_64 1.9.7-1.58.amzn1 amzn-main
systemtap-runtime-python2.x86_64 3.2-2.35.amzn1 amzn-updates
unbound-python.x86_64 1.6.6-1.4.amzn1 amzn-updates
yum-metadata-parser-python26.x86_64 1.1.4-10.20.amzn1 amzn-main
yum-python26.noarch 3.4.3-150.70.amzn1 amzn-main
使用virtualenv创建环境
如果还没有安装
- 百胜安装virtualenv
，然后用-p设置要使用的python3解释器的路径
- virtualenvironment-p/path/to/python3/path/to/virtual/environment