如何从异步方法获取button_ClickEvent中的字符串



伙计们,我有以下代码:

public static CookieContainer cookies;
public static HttpWebRequest GetNewRequest(string targetUrl, CookieContainer SessionCookieContainer)
    {
        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(targetUrl);
        request.CookieContainer = SessionCookieContainer;
        request.AllowAutoRedirect = false;
        return request;
    }
    public async static Task<HttpWebResponse> MakeRequest(HttpWebRequest request, CookieContainer SessionCookieContainer, Dictionary<string, string> parameters = null)
    {
        HttpWebResponse response;
        request.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.52 Safari/536.5Accept: */*";
        request.Accept = "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8";
        request.CookieContainer = SessionCookieContainer;
        request.AllowAutoRedirect = false;
        if (parameters != null)
        {
            request.Method = "POST";
            request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
            string s = "";
            foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> pair in parameters)
            {
                if (s.Length == 0)
                {
                    s = s + string.Format("{0}={1}", pair.Key, pair.Value);
                }
                else
                {
                    s = s + string.Format("&{0}={1}", pair.Key, pair.Value);
                }
            }
            byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s);
            using (Stream stream = await request.GetRequestStreamAsync())
            {
                stream.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
            }
        }
        request.Method = "GET";
        response = await request.GetResponseAsync() as HttpWebResponse;
        SessionCookieContainer.Add(response.Cookies);
        while (response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.Found)
        {
            response.Close();
            request = GetNewRequest(response.Headers["Location"], SessionCookieContainer);
            response = await request.GetResponseAsync() as HttpWebResponse;
            SessionCookieContainer.Add(response.Cookies);
        }
        return response;
    } 

我使用此功能某些方法(例如)

async Task<string> login(string url, string id, string pw)
    {
       ///code...
    }

我的问题是:如果我想在buttonclick(object sender, EventArgs e)得到结果,我该怎么办?

我已经尝试过这个,但不起作用:

private void buttonclick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    string htmlPage=login(url, id, pw);
}

编辑

我已经解决了在 private 和 void 之间添加async并在login(bla bla)之前添加await的问题

虽然以下是一个明显的解决方案,但它有隐藏的陷阱:

private async void buttonclick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    string htmlPage = await login(url, id, pw);
}
  • 如果login引发异常怎么办?它不会被观察到,很可能会使应用程序崩溃。
  • 如果用户单击按钮两次,而上一个异步登录操作已在进行中,该怎么办?您当然不想要两个挂起的登录。

这是一个略微改进的版本:

Task<string> _pendingLogin = null;
private async void buttonclick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (_pendingLogin != null)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("Login pending...");
        return;
    }
    try
    {
        _pendingLogin = login(url, id, pw);
        string htmlPage = await _pendingLogin;
        MessageBox.Show("Logged in: " + htmlPage);
    }
    catch(Exception ex)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("Error in login: " + ex.Message);
    }
    _pendingLogin = null;
}

您的登录方法是异步。简单来说,异步方法在调用时不会返回结果值,相反,异步方法返回 TResult 的任务(登录方法的字符串任务)。任务是一种特殊类型,它表示您计算结果值的承诺。为了获得结果,您应该:

  • 叫。Tast 对象上的结果属性。这将阻止调用方线程,直到计算结果。(对于Windows应用程序非常糟糕,因此它使应用程序无响应,甚至导致死锁(取决于同步方法实现)
  • 使用 await 关键字异步等待,直到计算结果值。这将使调用方 (UI) 线程在下载网页时自由执行其他内容。一旦任务完成(下载网页),UI 线程将在 await 语句之后立即返回到处理代码。这是 Windows 应用的首选,因为这允许应用保持响应。

试试这个:

private async void buttonclick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    string htmlPage = await login(url, id, pw);
}

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