您知道如何编写这样的方法吗?
public abstract class AbstractClass{}
public class TrialClass extends AbstractClass{
public TrialClass(final String a, final String b){}
public TrialClass(final String a, final String b, final String c){}
}
public class getNewInstance(final Class<? extends AbstractClass> clazz, Object... constructorParameters){
//???
}
TrialClass trialClass = getNewInstance(TrialClass.class, "A", "B");
可能更灵活的方法是检查所有构造函数并找到兼容的构造函数,如下所示:
public static <T> T getNewInstance(final Class<T> clazz, Object... constructorParameters) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException {
Constructor<?> candidate = null;
for(Constructor<?> constructor : clazz.getConstructors()) {
if(Modifier.isPublic(constructor.getModifiers()) && isConstructorCompatible(constructor, constructorParameters)) {
if(candidate == null)
candidate = constructor;
else
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Several constructors found which are compatible with given arguments");
}
}
if(candidate == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("No constructor found which is compatible with given arguments");
return (T) candidate.newInstance(constructorParameters);
}
private static boolean isConstructorCompatible(Constructor<?> constructor, Object[] constructorParameters) {
Class<?>[] parameterTypes = constructor.getParameterTypes();
if(parameterTypes.length != constructorParameters.length)
return false;
for(int i=0; i<parameterTypes.length; i++)
if(!isParameterCompatible(parameterTypes[i], constructorParameters[i]))
return false;
return true;
}
private static boolean isParameterCompatible(Class<?> type, Object parameter) {
if(parameter == null)
return !type.isPrimitive();
if(type.isInstance(parameter))
return true;
if(type.isPrimitive()) {
if (type == int.class && parameter instanceof Integer
|| type == char.class && parameter instanceof Character
|| type == byte.class && parameter instanceof Byte
|| type == short.class && parameter instanceof Short
|| type == long.class && parameter instanceof Long
|| type == float.class && parameter instanceof Float
|| type == double.class && parameter instanceof Double
|| type == boolean.class && parameter instanceof Boolean)
return true;
}
return false;
}
尽管如此,仍然存在一些悬而未决的问题,比如varargs构造函数。同样,歧义情况也不会像javac那样得到解决(例如,如果您有MyObj(Object)
和MyObj(String)
构造函数,则不能使用后一个都匹配的构造函数)。
Class
方法包含一个getConstructor
方法,该方法将Class
的数组作为参数,与构造函数参数相对应。您必须从参数数组中构建此数组。
类似的东西:
public <T> T getNewInstance(final Class<T> clazz, Object... constructorParameters) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, SecurityException, NoSuchMethodException{
Class[] parameterTypes = new Class[constructorParameters.length];
for(int i = 0; i < constructorParameters.length; i++) {
parameterTypes[i] = constructorParameters[i].getClass();
}
Constructor<T> constructor = clazz.getConstructor(parameterTypes);
return constructor.newInstance(constructorParameters);
}
编辑:正如Codebender所说,当一个子类型作为参数传递时,这是不起作用的。