我已经重新配置了nginx，但我无法使用以下配置重新启动它：
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.example.com;
return 301 $scheme://example.com$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name example.com;
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
location /robots.txt {
alias /path/to/robots.txt;
access_log off;
log_not_found off;
}
location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }
location / {
proxy_pass_header Server;
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Scheme $scheme;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_connect_timeout 30;
proxy_read_timeout 30;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
}
location /static {
expires 1M;
alias /path/to/staticfiles;
}
}
运行sudo nginx -c conf -t测试配置后，将返回以下错误。
nginx: [emerg] "server" directive is not allowed here in /etc/nginx/sites-available/config:1
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/sites-available/config test failed
这不是一个nginx配置文件。它是nginx配置文件的一部分。
nginx配置文件(通常称为nginx.conf)将如下所示：
events {
...
}
http {
...
server {
...
}
}
server块包含在http块内。
通常，通过使用include指令拉入其他片段(例如从sites-enabled目录)来分发配置跨多个文件。
使用sudo nginx -t测试完整的配置文件，该文件从nginx.conf开始，并使用include指令拉入其他片段。
有关详细信息，请参阅此文档。
下面是反向代理的有效nginx.conf文件的示例。
10.x.x.x是nginx代理服务器。10.y.y.y是真正的Web服务器。
events {
worker_connections 4096; ## Default: 1024
}
http {
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name 10.x.x.x;
location / {
proxy_pass http://10.y.y.y:80/;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
}
}
}
以下是如何进行SSL传递，如果10.y.y.y正在运行HTTPS网络服务器。10.x.x.x正在侦听端口 443，并且端口 443 的所有流量都将定向到目标 Web 服务器。
events {
worker_connections 4096; ## Default: 1024
}
stream {
server {
listen 443;
proxy_pass 10.y.y.y:443;
}
}
以下是在 Docker 中提供它的方法。
docker run --name nginx-container --rm --net=host -v /home/core/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf nginx
nginx.conf文件的路径是 Nginx 的主要配置文件 - 该文件也应在需要时包含其他 Nginx 配置文件的路径，/etc/nginx/nginx.conf。
您可以通过在终端上键入此内容来访问和编辑此文件
cd /etc/nginx
/etc/nginx$ sudo nano nginx.conf
在此文件中，您可以包含其他文件 - 这些文件可以具有SERVER指令作为独立的SERVER BLOCK-它们不必在HTTP或HTTPS块中，如上面接受的答案中所述。
我再说一遍 - 如果您需要在主配置文件本身中定义服务器块，那么必须在/etc/nginx/nginx.conf文件中的封闭 HTTP 或 HTTPS 块中定义服务器块，该文件是 Nginx 的主要配置文件。
另请注意 - 如果您定义 ，服务器块直接不将其包含在 HTTP 或 HTTPS 块中，则没关系，位于路径/etc/nginx/conf.d的文件中。同样要完成这项工作，您需要将此文件的路径包含在 PRIMARY 配置文件中，如下所示：-
http{
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; #includes all files of file type.conf
}
此外，您可以从 PRIMARY 配置文件中注释掉 ，该行
http{
#include /etc/nginx/sites-available/some_file.conf; # Comment Out
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; #includes all files of file type.conf
}
并且不需要在/etc/nginx/sites-available/中保留任何配置文件，也不需要符号地将它们链接到/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/，请注意这对我有用 - 如果有人认为不适合他们或这种配置是非法的等，请发表评论，以便我可以纠正自己 - 谢谢。
编辑 ：- 根据最新版本的官方 Nginx 食谱，我们不需要在 -/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/中创建任何配置，这是旧的做法，现在已贬值。
因此不需要包含指令include /etc/nginx/sites-available/some_file.conf;。
引用自 Nginx 食谱页面 - 5 .
"在某些包存储库中，此文件夹被命名为启用站点，并且 配置文件从名为 site-available 的文件夹链接; 此约定已弃用。
配置导入的文件内可能存在拼写错误。
我的配置文件深处有这个错字：
loccation /sense/movies/ {
mp4;
}
loccation而不是location，这会导致错误：
nginx: [emerg] "server" directive is not allowed here in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/xxx.xx:1
替换这个：
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
在你nginx.conf中：
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/includes-optional/cpanel-proxy-vendors/*.conf;
或者这个：
/etc/nginx/conf.d/includes-optional/site-available/*.conf;
我发生了同样的错误，以下是我的配置： 操作系统和nginx版本：
[root@primary2 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
[root@primary2 ~]# uname -rm
3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 x86_64
[root@primary2 ~]# /etc/nginx/sbin/nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.24.0
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --with-http_ssl_module
[root@primary2 ~]#
NGINX配置文件：
/etc/nging/conf/nginx.conf
[root@primary2 conf]# pwd
/etc/nginx/conf
[root@primary2 conf]# cat nginx.conf
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ .php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ .php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
[root@primary2 conf]#
/etc/nginx/conf.d/abc.conf
[root@primary2 conf.d]# pwd
/etc/nginx/conf.d
[root@primary2 conf.d]# cat abc.conf
server {
listen 9003;
server_name www.xyz.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://10.0.9.216:9002;
}
}
[root@primary2 conf.d]#
错误发生在我身上：
[root@primary2 conf]# /etc/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: [emerg] "server" directive is not allowed here in /etc/nginx/conf.d/abc.conf:1
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test failed
[root@primary2 conf]#
在我将/etc/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 修改为以下内容后：
[root@primary2 conf]# pwd
/etc/nginx/conf
[root@primary2 conf]# cat nginx.conf
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ .php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ .php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
[root@primary2 conf]#
错误消失了。
[root@primary2 conf]# /etc/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@primary2 conf]# /etc/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@primary2 conf]#