运行Roboelectric测试时的资源$ notFoundException

Question

我刚刚设置了带有新应用程序的Roboelectric 3.2.2，我写了第一个简单测试：

@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
@Config(manifest="src/main/AndroidManifest.xml",
    packageName="my.pacakge.name.debug")
public class MainActivityTest {
    @Test
    public void clickButton() {
        MainActivity mainActivity = Robolectric.setupActivity(MainActivity.class);
        String text = ((TextView)mainActivity.findViewById(R.id.text_main)).getText().toString();
        assertEquals("Should equal Hello World!", "Hello World!", text);
    }
}

我已经在这里和这里遵循所有设置和说明，但是每次尝试进行测试时，我仍然会遇到此错误：

android.content.res.Resources$NotFoundException: Unable to find resource ID #0x0 in packages [android, my.package.name.debug]

此例外发生在我正在调用setupActivity()的测试的第一行。

Answer 1

它对我有用：添加 @Config(manifest = "src/main/AndroidManifest.xml")

@Config(manifest = "src/main/AndroidManifest.xml")
@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
public class MainActivityTest {
    @Test
    public void testSomething() throws Exception {
        assertTrue(Robolectric.setupActivity(MainActivityTest .class) != null);
    }
}   

注意1：如果您仍然遇到相同的错误（创建新项目时发生）

原因与不同的工作目录有关答案在这里：https：//stackoverflow.com/a/31469526/4802664

注2：使用

Android Studio 3.0（金丝雀9）
Gradle 4.1
Android Gradle插件3.0.0-Alpha9
robolectric：3.4.2

gradle

buildscript {
    repositories {
        google()
        jcenter()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.0-alpha9'
    }
}    
dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'

    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    // Espresso
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.0'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.0'
    // Robolectric
    testImplementation 'org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:1.3'
    testImplementation 'org.robolectric:robolectric:3.4.2'
}

Answer 2

使用自定义RobolectrictEstrunner并提供缺失的系统属性时，此插件对我有用。

public class CustomRobolectricTestRunner extends RobolectricTestRunner {
  public CustomRobolectricTestRunner(Class<?> testClass) throws InitializationError {
    super(testClass);
    String buildVariant = BuildConfig.BUILD_TYPE + (BuildConfig.FLAVOR.isEmpty()? "" : "/" + BuildConfig.FLAVOR);
    System.setProperty("android.package", BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID);
    System.setProperty("android.manifest", "build/intermediates/manifests/full/" + buildVariant + "/AndroidManifest.xml");
    System.setProperty("android.resources", "build/intermediates/res/" + buildVariant);
    System.setProperty("android.assets", "build/intermediates/assets/" + buildVariant);
  }
}

编辑：您还必须在单元测试运行配置中使用其他工作目录。最好的是更改默认配置并使用$ module_dir $ https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/issues/detail?id=158015#c5