该应用程序在android中的图像处理速度较慢



我正在做一个关于图像的应用程序,以便在GridView中显示它们,我正在从服务器获取20个图像。每个图像的分辨率是720*540。我使用JSON解析来获取url,并使用下面的代码转换为位图来设置图像。

public static Bitmap loadImageFromUrl(String url) {
    InputStream inputStream;Bitmap b;
    try {
        inputStream = (InputStream) new URL(url).getContent();
        BitmapFactory.Options bpo=  new BitmapFactory.Options();
        if(bpo.outWidth>500) {
            bpo.inSampleSize=8;
            b=BitmapFactory.decodeStream(inputStream, null,bpo );
        } else {
            bpo.inSampleSize=2;
            b=BitmapFactory.decodeStream(inputStream, null,bpo );
        }
        return  b;
    } catch (IOException e) {
        throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
}

我的应用程序运行良好,但加载图像花费了太多时间。所以我的应用程序变得很慢。我应该降低图像的分辨率吗?

如何解决这个问题?

如果你正在进行网格视图以加载20张这样分辨率的图像,我建议如下:

  1. 一定要缩小图像的大小。除非你的目标是平板电脑,否则你会没事的,因为大多数智能手机都无法在20张图像的情况下达到这个分辨率。

  2. 如果可以,请缓存图像。

  3. 在其他线程上下载图像。存储一个HashMap对您来说很容易,只需将所有带有图像文件名或其他形式ID的图像视图作为键即可。在下载图像时向处理程序发送消息,并在解码后更新视图。您可以直接检索视图。只要记得检查一下它们是否还在窗户里。通过这种方式,图像将一个接一个地快速显示出来。我不认为多线程处理图像会有帮助,只是确保使用另一个线程来"推送图像"和主UI线程更新。届时,用户体验将大大改善。

希望这能有所帮助。

---在一些实现中,我现在没有完整的代码---

有一个数据结构来匹配视图和附带的数据。在这里非常方便。

private HashMap<String,ImageView> pictures;

当你得到图像url的列表时,迭代它们:

 pictures.put(id,view);
        try{
            FileInputStream in = openFileInput(id);
            Bitmap bitmap = null;
            bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in, null, null);
        view.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        }catch(Exception e){
            new Thread(new PictureGetter(this,mHandler,id)).start();
        }

(在这里,如果图像尚未缓存,图片获取器将简单地获取图像并缓存它(

更新图像视图的代码:

 if(id!=null){
        ImageView iv = pictures.get(id);
        if(iv!=null){
            try{
                FileInputStream in = openFileInput(id);
                Bitmap bitmap = null;
                bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in, null, null);
                iv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
            }catch(Exception e){
        }
    }

毕加索图书馆

解决方案是使用位图直接加载图像,而不是使用一个名为Picasso的很棒的库,它的速度非常快,我知道你真的很喜欢这个,你可以这样做

将picassojar文件添加到您的项目中(在此处下载picassoJAR文件(使用picasso加载像这样的图像

Picasso.with(context).load(new File(title)).centerCrop()
    .resize(150, 150).error(R.drawable.ic_launcher).into(image);  

其中title是要加载的图像路径。裁剪、调整大小和错误都是可选的。

我猜大部分加载时间是因为大量的图像加上图像的大小。

有两种可能的解决方案:

  1. 调整图像大小,或降低图像质量,使文件大小低于75kb左右。

  2. 使用多线程一次检索多个图像。如果用户的连接真的很慢,这可能没有帮助,但如果你把它与足够小的文件大小结合起来,它可能就足够了。您可能需要确定设备的当前带宽,并以此为基础运行线程数。

例如:每个75KB的20个映像和200KB/s的可用连接=3或4个并发线程。

希望这能有所帮助。

我的android应用程序中也有同样的问题。当你从大尺寸图像中解码位图并将其设置为imageBitmap到图像视图时,你的应用程序可能会变慢,经过几次尝试后,你会得到"内存不足异常">

有两种可能的方法可以尝试处理此问题:1-从文件解码时减小位图大小2-使用图像库。

我更喜欢第二种方式,并使用了通用图像加载器。https://github.com/nostra13/Android-Universal-Image-Loader

String url = "file://" + your_file_path
com.nostra13.universalimageloader.core.ImageLoader.getInstance().displayImage(url, ivPicture, options);
 public class clothImageLoader {
// the simplest in-memory cache implementation. This should be replaced with
// something like SoftReference or BitmapOptions.inPurgeable(since 1.6)
// public static HashMap<String, Bitmap> cache = new HashMap<String,
// Bitmap>();
private static File cacheDir;
public clothImageLoader(Context context) {
    // Make the background thead low priority. This way it will not affect
    // the UI performance
    photoLoaderThread.setPriority(Thread.NORM_PRIORITY - 1);
    // Find the dir to save cached images
    if (android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(android.os.Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED))
        // cacheDir=new
        // File(android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"LazyList");
        cacheDir = new File(ConstValue.MY_ClothBitmap_DIR);
    else
        cacheDir = context.getCacheDir();
    if (!cacheDir.exists())
        cacheDir.mkdirs();
}
final int stub_id = R.drawable.icon;
public void DisplayImage(String url, Activity activity, ImageView imageView) {
    if (ConstValue.ClothRoomcache.containsKey(url))
        imageView.setImageBitmap(ConstValue.ClothRoomcache.get(url));
    else {
        queuePhoto(url, activity, imageView);
        imageView.setImageResource(stub_id);
    }
}
private void queuePhoto(String url, Activity activity, ImageView imageView) {
    // This ImageView may be used for other images before. So there may be
    // some old tasks in the queue. We need to discard them.
    photosQueue.Clean(imageView);
    PhotoToLoad p = new PhotoToLoad(url, imageView);
    synchronized (photosQueue.photosToLoad) {
        photosQueue.photosToLoad.push(p);
        photosQueue.photosToLoad.notifyAll();
    }
    // start thread if it's not started yet
    if (photoLoaderThread.getState() == Thread.State.NEW)
        photoLoaderThread.start();
}
private Bitmap getBitmap(String url) {
    // I identify images by hashcode. Not a perfect solution, good for the
    // demo.
    String filename = String.valueOf(url.hashCode());
    File f = new File(cacheDir, filename);
    // from SD cache
    Bitmap b = decodeFile(f);
    if (b != null)
        return b;
    // from web
    try {
        Bitmap bitmap = null;
        /*
         * InputStream is=new URL(url).openStream(); OutputStream os = new
         * FileOutputStream(f); Utils.CopyStream(is, os); os.close();
         */
        URL url1 = new URL(url);
        bitmap = decodeFile(f);
        /* Open a connection to that URL. */
        URLConnection ucon = url1.openConnection();
        /*
         * Define InputStreams to read from the URLConnection.
         */
        InputStream is = ucon.getInputStream();
        // FlushedInputStream a = new FlushedInputStream(is);
        BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(is);
        /*
         * Read bytes to the Buffer until there is nothing more to read(-1).
         */
        ByteArrayBuffer baf = new ByteArrayBuffer(5000);
        int current = 0;
        while ((current = bis.read()) != -1) {
            baf.append((byte) current);
        }
        /* Convert the Bytes read to a String. */
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(f);
        fos.write(baf.toByteArray());
        fos.flush();
        fos.close();
        bitmap = decodeFile(f);
        return bitmap;
    } catch (Exception ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();
        return null;
    }
}
// decodes image and scales it to reduce memory consumption
private Bitmap decodeFile(File f) {
    try {
        // decode image size
        BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        o.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, o);
        // Find the correct scale value. It should be the power of 2.
        final int REQUIRED_SIZE = ConstValue.bmpSize;
        int width_tmp = o.outWidth, height_tmp = o.outHeight;
        int scale = 1;
        while (true) {
            if (width_tmp / 2 < REQUIRED_SIZE || height_tmp / 2 < REQUIRED_SIZE)
                break;
            width_tmp /= 2;
            height_tmp /= 2;
            scale++;
        }
        // decode with inSampleSize
        BitmapFactory.Options o2 = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        o2.inSampleSize = scale;
        return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, o2);
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
    }
    return null;
}
// Task for the queue
private class PhotoToLoad {
    public String url;
    public ImageView imageView;
    public PhotoToLoad(String u, ImageView i) {
        url = u;
        imageView = i;
    }
}
PhotosQueue photosQueue = new PhotosQueue();
public void stopThread() {
    photoLoaderThread.interrupt();
}
// stores list of photos to download
class PhotosQueue {
    private Stack<PhotoToLoad> photosToLoad = new Stack<PhotoToLoad>();
    // removes all instances of this ImageView
    public void Clean(ImageView image) {
        for (int j = 0; j < photosToLoad.size();) {
            if (photosToLoad.get(j).imageView == image)
                photosToLoad.remove(j);
            else
                ++j;
        }
    }
}
class PhotosLoader extends Thread {
    public void run() {
        try {
            while (true) {
                // thread waits until there are any images to load in the
                // queue
                if (photosQueue.photosToLoad.size() == 0)
                    synchronized (photosQueue.photosToLoad) {
                        photosQueue.photosToLoad.wait();
                    }
                if (photosQueue.photosToLoad.size() != 0) {
                    PhotoToLoad photoToLoad;
                    synchronized (photosQueue.photosToLoad) {
                        photoToLoad = photosQueue.photosToLoad.pop();
                        // photoToLoad=photosQueue.photosToLoad.get(0);
                        // photosQueue.photosToLoad.remove(photoToLoad);
                    }
                    Bitmap bmp = getBitmap(photoToLoad.url);
                    ConstValue.ClothRoomcache.put(photoToLoad.url, bmp);
                    if (((String) photoToLoad.imageView.getTag()).equals(photoToLoad.url)) {
                        BitmapDisplayer bd = new BitmapDisplayer(bmp, photoToLoad.imageView);
                        Activity a = (Activity) photoToLoad.imageView.getContext();
                        a.runOnUiThread(bd);
                    }
                }
                if (Thread.interrupted())
                    break;
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            // allow thread to exit
        }
    }
}
PhotosLoader photoLoaderThread = new PhotosLoader();
// Used to display bitmap in the UI thread
class BitmapDisplayer implements Runnable {
    Bitmap bitmap;
    ImageView imageView;
    public BitmapDisplayer(Bitmap b, ImageView i) {
        bitmap = b;
        imageView = i;
    }
    public void run() {
        if (bitmap != null)
            imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        else
            imageView.setImageResource(stub_id);
    }
}
public static void clearCache() {
    // clear memory cache
    ConstValue.ClothRoomcache.clear();
    // clear SD cache
    File[] files = cacheDir.listFiles();
    for (File f : files)
        f.delete();
}
public class FlushedInputStream extends FilterInputStream {
    public FlushedInputStream(InputStream inputStream) {
        super(inputStream);
    }
    @Override
    public long skip(long n) throws IOException {
        long totalBytesSkipped = 0L;
        while (totalBytesSkipped < n) {
            long bytesSkipped = in.skip(n - totalBytesSkipped);
            if (bytesSkipped == 0L) {
                int a = read();
                if (a < 0) {
                    break; // we reached EOF
                } else {
                    bytesSkipped = 1; // we read one byte
                }
            }
            totalBytesSkipped += bytesSkipped;
        }
        return totalBytesSkipped;
    }
}
}

当您调用该方法时,在gridView的getView方法中:

holder.image.setTag(ChoseInfo.get(position).getLink());
        imageLoader.DisplayImage(ChoseInfo.get(position).getLink(), activity, holder.image);

ChoseInfo.get(position(.getLink((

这里getLink()是互联网链接。

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