尝试在iOS中使用Singleton模式重构网络方法



我的应用程序中有以下方法,该方法使用NSURLSession从JSON格式的web服务中提取电影数据:

- (void) downloadMovieData {
    //this is just a visual cue to show that processing is being done
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] setNetworkActivityIndicatorVisible:YES];
    //creating the request
    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:kMovieURL];
    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
    //creating the session
    self.config = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
    self.session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:self.config];
    //the object that makes the call to the web service using the request and the session, and returns a response or an error
    NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [self.session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
        //At this point a response has been received, so we can turn the indicator off
        [[UIApplication sharedApplication] setNetworkActivityIndicatorVisible:NO];
        //I am casting the response to an NSHTTPURLResponse so I can check the status code of the response
        NSHTTPURLResponse *httpResponse = (NSHTTPURLResponse *)response;
        //a status code of 200 means a successful connection with the web service
        if (httpResponse.statusCode == 200) {
            dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
                NSLog(@"Success!");
                //I send the data that was received from the response to the method so that the JSON data is extracted
                [self populateArray:data];
            });
        } else {
            NSString *result = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
            NSLog(@"Received HTTP %ld: %@", (long)httpResponse.statusCode, result);
        }
    }];
    [task resume];
}
- (void) populateArray: (NSData *)data {
    NSError *jsonError;
    NSDictionary *response =[NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:&jsonError];
    if (response) {
        self.movieObjects = response[@"movies"];
        NSLog(@"The movie objects are: %@", self.movieObjects);
        [self.tableView reloadData];
    } else {
        NSLog(@"ERROR: %@", jsonError);
    }
}

上面的代码运行良好。没有问题。然而,我现在想做的是重构我的代码,这样我就不想把所有的网络代码都放在包含UITableView委托方法的类中,而是想把代码移到一个单独的类中。该类使用Singleton方法来更好地分离代码。我有下面的骨架代码,看起来如下:

#import "Networker.h"
@implementation Networker
+ (NSURLSession *)dataSession {
    static NSURLSession *session = nil;
    static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
    dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
        session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:[NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration]];
    });
    return session;
}
+ (void)fetchContentsOfURL:(NSURL *)url completion:(void (^)(NSData *data, NSError *error)) completionHandler {
    NSURLSessionDataTask *dataTask = [[self dataSession] dataTaskWithURL:url
                      completionHandler: ^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
         if (completionHandler == nil) return;
         if (error) {
             completionHandler(nil, error);
             return;
         }
         completionHandler(data, nil);
     }];
    [dataTask resume];
}

我完全理解辛格尔顿的课。这不是问题所在。我的问题是理解如何理解这种方法的"完成处理程序"部分:

+ (void)fetchContentsOfURL:(NSURL *)url completion:(void (^)(NSData *data, NSError *error)) completionHandler {}

我想做的是,将方法中的代码"downloadMovieData"移动到"fetchContentsOfURL"中,并返回一个NSData对象,然后我可以使用它来填充调用类中的UITableView。然而,在这样做的过程中,我想确保我了解这个新方法的"completionHandler"部分发生了什么。我该怎么做?

您不能移动它,所以它会返回,因为它是异步的。从技术上讲,你可以,但你会在等待时阻塞主线程,这很糟糕。

相反,您只需将当前代码替换为对单例的调用,并在完成块中调用其他方法来处理数据。

需要注意的几件事:

  1. 在singleton中调用某人完成块之前,最好先将其分派到main,这样就不需要该函数的所有用户都记得这样做了
  2. 它不需要是单例,您可以在每次需要时实例化类的副本,或者使用依赖注入,这两者通常都提供了更好的体系结构

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