c-字符数组中的杂散字符

Question

我对这段代码有问题，这段代码是铁路密码的加密，如果你输入"测试"，你应该得到一个输出"tietnsg"，我确实得到了。

但是，如果我将输入更改为"testingj"，我会得到"tietnjsgp？²！lj"的输出，我可以从调试中看到，在toCipher函数的最后一次填充过程中，"？²！ȉ"似乎被标记了除了我那样做，还有人知道怎么修吗？

/*
    CIS Computer Secutrity Program 1
    10-10-14
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <malloc.h>
char *toCipher(char **arr,int x,int y);
char *Encrypt(char *pT, int size);
char **create(int x,int y);
void FreeArr(char **array, int y);
void print(char *word,int strl);
int main(){
    char pt[]= "testingj";
    char *word = Encrypt(pt,3);
    print(word, sizeof(pt));
    free(word);
}
/*
Take in a pointer to a word, and the lenght of the string
Post print each char in the array, (used beacuase i had some issues with the memory, i keep getting extra adresses
*/
void print(char *word,int strl){
    int i;
    for(i=0;i<strl-1;i++){
        printf("this is correct %c",word[i]);
    }
    printf("n");
}
/*
Pre, take in the pointer to the plain text word to be encrypted as well as the depth of the Encryption desired
Post: Construct the array, insert values into the 2d array, convert the 2d array to a 1d array and return the 1d array
*/
char *Encrypt(char *word,int y){
    int x = strlen(word);
    int counter=0;
    int ycomp=0;
    int rate=1;
    char **rail = create(x,y);
        while(counter<x){   
            if(ycomp==y-1){
                rate=-1;
            }
            if(ycomp==0){
                rate=1;         
            }
            rail[counter][ycomp]=word[counter]; 
            ycomp=ycomp+rate;
            counter++;
        }//end of rail construction
    char *DrWord = toCipher(rail,x,y);  
    FreeArr(rail,y);    
    return(DrWord);
}

/*
Create a dynamic 2d array of chars for the rail cypher to use
Take in the dimensions
return the pointer of the rails initial address, after it created the space for the rail
*/

char *toCipher(char **arr,int x,int y){
    int xI =0;
    int yI=0;
    int counter =0;
    char *word = (char*)malloc(x);
    int i;

    for(yI=0;yI<y;yI++){    
        for(xI=0;xI<x;xI++){
            if(arr[xI][yI]!= 0){                    
                word[counter]=arr[xI][yI];
                counter++;
            }
        }
    }
        printf("this is the problem %sn",word);
        return(word);
}


char **create(int x, int y){
    char **rail;            
    int i,j;
    rail = malloc(sizeof(char**)*x);
    for(i=0;i<x;i++){
        rail[i]= (char*)malloc(y * sizeof(char*));
    }
    for(i=0;i<y;i++){
        for(j=0;j<x;j++){
            rail[j][i]= 0;
        }
    }
    return(rail);
}

/*
Pre, take in a malloc'd array, with the height of the array 
free the malloc calls one by one, and finally free the initial adress
*/
void FreeArr(char **array, int y){
    int i;
    for(i=0;i<y;i++){
        free(array[i]);
    }
    free(array);
}

Answer 1

在toCipher中，打印word时没有nul终止。任一：

char *word = (char*)malloc(x+1); // allocate an extra char for nul.
word[x] = 0; // add the nul at the end.

或：

printf("this is the problem %.*sn",x,word); // limit characters printed to x.

Answer 2

我忘了将字初始化为0，如果您在调试模式下观看，则标记的内存没有被替换，因此被标记在新构建的字符串