我有一个具有以下值的csv文件:
User,TimeStamp
Pinky,11/4/2015 5:00
Brain,
Leo,never
Don,unspecified
我希望确保TimeStamp
列的此文件具有日期或$null值。为此,我使用以下代码:
Function HealthCheckTimeStampColumn
{
Param ($userInputCsvFileWithPath)
Write-Host "Checking if TimeStamp column has invalid values..."
Import-Csv $userInputCsvFileWithPath | %{
if ($_.TimeStamp)
{
Try
{
([datetime]$_.TimeStamp).Ticks | Out-Null
}
Catch [system.exception]
{
$Error.Clear()
$invalidValue = $_.TimeStamp
Write-Error "Invalid Value found `"$_.TimeStamp`"; Value expected Date or `"`""
Exit
}
}
}
Write-Host "All values were found valid."
Write-Host "TimeStamp Healthcheck Column Passed"
Write-Host ""
}
有了这个代码,我得到了这个错误:
Invalid Value found "Cannot convert value "never" to type "System.DateTime". Error: "The string was not recognized as
a valid DateTime. There is an unknown word starting at index 0.".TimeStamp"; Value expected Date or ""
At C:ScriptsTestsTestTime.ps1:247 char:42
+ Import-Csv $userInputCsvFileWithPath | %{
+ ~
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [Write-Error], WriteErrorException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException
如果我尝试这行代码:
Write-Error "Invalid Value found `"$invalidValue`"; Value expected Date or `"`""
我得到这个错误:
Invalid Value found ""; Value expected Date or ""
At C:ScriptsTestsTestTime.ps1:247 char:42
+ Import-Csv $userInputCsvFileWithPath | %{
+ ~
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [Write-Error], WriteErrorException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException
我期望看到的错误是:
Invalid Value found "never"; Value expected Date or ""
At C:ScriptsTestsTestTime.ps1:247 char:42
+ Import-Csv $userInputCsvFileWithPath | %{
+ ~
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [Write-Error], WriteErrorException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException
有人能告诉我我做错了什么吗?
您也不需要try
/catch
块。它们对意外和不可避免的错误很好。然而,查看_Type_Operators,您会看到-as
和-is
可以非常优雅地处理这种情况。
-is:当输入是指定.NET Framework类型的实例时,返回TRUE。
-as:将输入转换为指定的.NET Framework类型。
当-as
遇到一个字符串或不可转换为[datetime]的东西时,它将返回一个null。更重要的是,它不会出错。我建议您检查所有值的非null和无效日期时间。捕获变量中的所有这些。然后检查变量是否有任何值。一次打印所有内容!然后退出,如果你愿意的话。我也支持用户2460798的回答中关于出口的使用。
Function HealthCheckTimeStampColumn{
Param ($userInputCsvFileWithPath)
$badRows = Import-Csv $userInputCsvFileWithPath |
Where-Object{-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($_.TimeStamp) -and ($_.TimeStamp -as [datetime]) -eq $null}
if($badRows){
$badRows | ForEach-Object{
Write-Host "'$($_.Timestamp)' is not a valid datetime" -ForegroundColor Red
}
Write-Error "$($badRows.Count) Invalid Value(s) found"
} else {
"All values were found valid.","TimeStamp Healthcheck Column Passed","" | Write-Host
}
}
将PerSerAl的观察转化为答案:
$_的含义从它在foreach对象循环中(但在catch块之外)变为它在catchblock中。在第一种情况下,它是当前对象(行),其时间戳的值显然为"never"。但在catch块中,它是由于错误而生成的错误记录。所以要修复:
Function HealthCheckTimeStampColumn
{
Param ($userInputCsvFileWithPath)
Write-Host "Checking if TimeStamp column has invalid values..."
Import-Csv $userInputCsvFileWithPath | %{
$row = $_
if ($_.TimeStamp)
{
Try
{
([datetime]$_.TimeStamp).Ticks | Out-Null
}
Catch [system.exception]
{
$Error.Clear()
$invalidValue = $_.TimeStamp
Write-Error "Invalid Value found `"$row.TimeStamp`"; Value expected Date or `"`""
Exit
}
}
}
Write-Host "All values were found valid."
Write-Host "TimeStamp Healthcheck Column Passed"
Write-Host ""
}
顺便说一句,如果你想处理整个文件,你需要从catch块中删除exit
。