Java模拟返回null的私人字段的方法



我正在尝试模拟具有void返回类型的私有字段的方法。在我的测试中,我试图模拟aClass.doSomething()投掷IllegalStateException,我需要验证recover()被调用。这是一个示例:

public class ClassToTest implements Runnable {
   private ClassToMock aClass;
   @Override
   public void run() {
       try{
           aClass.doSomething("some parameter");
       } catch(IllegalStateException e) {
           logger.error("Something bad happened", e);
           recover();
       }
   }
   public void recover(){
      logger.info("I am recovering");
   }
}

我分别完成了每一部分:

  1. 模拟私人字段的方法调用
  2. 模拟具有void返回类型的方法
  3. 投掷异常
  4. 验证私人方法调用

,但我无法将所有内容放在一起。任何帮助都将受到赞赏

我以为我会详细说明GhostCat的评论:

与Mockito一起

Mockito不仅仅是一个模拟框架 - 这是一门学科。如果您仔细阅读Mockito的文档,并限制自己求助于PowerMock et al ,您将学习良好的OOP练习。

阅读如何使用构造函数进行依赖注入

primum non nocere - 首先重构您的代码:

public class ClassToTest implements Runnable {
   private final ClassToMock aClass;
   private final Logger logger;
   //injection of collaborators through the constructor
   public ClassToTest(ClassToMock aClass, Logger logger) {
       this.aClass = aClass;
       this.logger = logger;
   }
   @Override
   public void run() {
       try{
           aClass.doSomething("some parameter");
       } catch(IllegalStateException e) {
           logger.error("Something bad happened", e);
           recover();
       }
   }
   public void recover() { //there is no need for this method to be public - see Effective Java item 13
      logger.info("I am recovering");
   }
}

现在,您的代码可以使用Mockito 测试,而无需求助于更复杂的模拟框架

//mocks
@Mock ClassToMock classToMock;
@Mock Logger mockLogger;
//system under test
ClassToTest classToTest;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception { 
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks();
    classToTest = new ClassToTest(classToMock, mockLogger);
}
@Test
public void whenRun_thenDoesSomethingWithSomeParameter() {       
    //act
    classToTest.run();
    //assert
    verify(classToMock).doSomething(eq("some parameter"));
}
@Test
public void givenAnIllegalStateForAClass_whenRun_thenLogsError() {       
    //arrange        
    IllegalStateException e = new IllegalStateException();
    when(classToMock.doSomething(anyString()).thenThrow(e); 
    //act
    classToTest.run();
    //assert
    verify(mockLogger).error(eq("Something bad happened"), same(e));
}
@Test
public void givenAnIllegalStateForAClass_whenRun_thenLogsRecovery() {       
    //arrange        
    when(classToMock.doSomething(anyString()).thenThrow(new IllegalStateException()); 
    //act
    classToTest.run();
    //assert
    verify(mockLogger).info(eq("I am recovering"));
}

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