为澳大利亚的客户设置此服务。运行以下命令适用于美国默认区域，当我尝试使用澳大利亚（ap-southeast-2）区域时，我会遇到一个无法调试的错误。
knife ec2 server create -G linux,web,database,elasticsearch,redis -I ami-e9e675d3 -f m1.small -i ~/.ec2/myclient.pem -x ubuntu -r 'role[base],role[monitoring],role[app_database_master],role[the_app],role[the_app_task_broker]' -E 'production' -N the-server-3 --region=ap-southeast-2 --availability-zone=ap-southeast-2a --distro=ubuntu12.04-gems --bootstrap-version=11.4.0 -VV
knife ec2 server create -G linux,web,database,elasticsearch,redis -I ami-e9e675d3 -f m1.small -i ~/.ec2/myclient.pem -x ubuntu -r 'role[base],role[monitoring],role[app_database_master],role[the_app],role[the_app_task_broker]' -E 'production' -N the-server-3 --region=ap-southeast-2 --availability-zone=ap-southeast-2a --distro=ubuntu12.04-gems --bootstrap-version=11.4.0 -VV
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/excon-0.25.3/lib/excon/middlewares/expects.rb:6:in `response_call': The security group 'redis' does not exist in default VPC 'vpc-ea551283' (Fog::Compute::AWS::NotFound)
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/excon-0.25.3/lib/excon/middlewares/response_parser.rb:8:in `response_call'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/excon-0.25.3/lib/excon/connection.rb:349:in `response'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/excon-0.25.3/lib/excon/connection.rb:247:in `request'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/fog-1.14.0/lib/fog/xml/sax_parser_connection.rb:34:in `request'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/fog-1.14.0/lib/fog/core/deprecated/connection.rb:18:in `request'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/fog-1.14.0/lib/fog/aws/compute.rb:385:in `_request'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/fog-1.14.0/lib/fog/aws/compute.rb:380:in `request'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/fog-1.14.0/lib/fog/aws/requests/compute/run_instances.rb:112:in `run_instances'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/fog-1.14.0/lib/fog/aws/models/compute/server.rb:179:in `save'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/fog-1.14.0/lib/fog/core/collection.rb:52:in `create'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/knife-ec2-0.6.4/lib/chef/knife/ec2_server_create.rb:241:in `run'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/chef-11.4.4/lib/chef/knife.rb:460:in `run_with_pretty_exceptions'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/chef-11.4.4/lib/chef/knife.rb:173:in `run'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/chef-11.4.4/lib/chef/application/knife.rb:123:in `run'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/chef-11.4.4/bin/knife:25:in `<top (required)>'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/knife:19:in `load'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/knife:19:in `<main>'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `eval'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `<main>'
只是为了好玩，我将一起删除安全组并重新运行：
knife ec2 server create -I ami-e9e675d3 -f m1.small -i ~/.ec2/myclient.pem -x ubuntu -r 'role[base],role[monitoring],role[app_database_master],role[the_app],role[the_app_task_broker]' -E 'production' -N the-server-3 --region=ap-southeast-2 --availability-zone=ap-southeast-2a --distro=ubuntu12.04-gems --bootstrap-version=11.4.0 -VV
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/excon-0.25.3/lib/excon/middlewares/expects.rb:6:in `response_call': The key pair 'myclient' does not exist (Fog::Compute::AWS::NotFound)
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/excon-0.25.3/lib/excon/middlewares/response_parser.rb:8:in `response_call'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/excon-0.25.3/lib/excon/connection.rb:349:in `response'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/excon-0.25.3/lib/excon/connection.rb:247:in `request'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/fog-1.14.0/lib/fog/xml/sax_parser_connection.rb:34:in `request'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/fog-1.14.0/lib/fog/core/deprecated/connection.rb:18:in `request'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/fog-1.14.0/lib/fog/aws/compute.rb:385:in `_request'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/fog-1.14.0/lib/fog/aws/compute.rb:380:in `request'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/fog-1.14.0/lib/fog/aws/requests/compute/run_instances.rb:112:in `run_instances'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/fog-1.14.0/lib/fog/aws/models/compute/server.rb:179:in `save'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/fog-1.14.0/lib/fog/core/collection.rb:52:in `create'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/knife-ec2-0.6.4/lib/chef/knife/ec2_server_create.rb:241:in `run'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/chef-11.4.4/lib/chef/knife.rb:460:in `run_with_pretty_exceptions'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/chef-11.4.4/lib/chef/knife.rb:173:in `run'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/chef-11.4.4/lib/chef/application/knife.rb:123:in `run'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/chef-11.4.4/bin/knife:25:in `<top (required)>'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/knife:19:in `load'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/knife:19:in `<main>'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `eval'
from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `<main>'
它确实存在：
ls ~/.ec2/myclient.pem
/home/user/.ec2/myclient.pem*
knife ec2 server create -G linux,web,database,elasticsearch,redis -I ami-9c78c0f5 -f m1.small -i ~/.ec2/myclient.pem -x ubuntu -r 'role[base],role[monitoring],role[app_database_master],role[the_app],role[the_app_task_broker]' -E 'production' -N the-server-test --availability-zone=us-east-1a --distro=ubuntu12.04-gems --bootstrap-version=11.4.0
Instance ID: i-xxxxxxxx
Flavor: m1.small
Image: ami-9c78c0f5
Region: us-east-1
Availability Zone: us-east-1a
Security Groups: linux, web, database, elasticsearch, redis
Tags: {"Name"=>"the-server-test"}
SSH Key: myclient
knife ec2 server list
Instance ID Name Public IP Private IP Flavor Image SSH Key Security Groups State
i-xxxxxx the-server-1 xxxx xxxx m1.small ami-9c78c0f5 myclient web, database, linux, elasticsearch, redis running
这确实表明现有服务器已启动并正在运行。
为了我自己的理智，我在us-east-1a区域上运行了命令：
knife ec2 server create -G linux,web,database,elasticsearch,redis -I ami-9c78c0f5 -f m1.small -i ~/.ec2/myclient.pem -x ubuntu -r 'role[base],role[monitoring],role[app_database_master],role[the_app],role[the_app_task_broker]' -E 'production' -N the-server-test --availability-zone=us-east-1a --distro=ubuntu12.04-gems --bootstrap-version=11.4.0
Instance ID: i-xxxxxxx
Flavor: m1.small
Image: ami-9c78c0f5
Region: us-east-1
Availability Zone: us-east-1a
Security Groups: linux, web, database, elasticsearch, redis
Tags: {"Name"=>"the-server-test"}
SSH Key: myclient
它有效。那么这和新地区有什么关系？
gem list
*** LOCAL GEMS ***
activesupport (4.0.0, 3.2.14, 3.2.13)
addressable (2.3.5, 2.3.4)
akami (1.2.0)
archive-tar-minitar (0.5.2)
atomic (1.1.12)
berkshelf (2.0.8, 1.4.0)
buff-config (0.3.0)
buff-extensions (0.5.0)
buff-ignore (1.1.0)
buff-ruby_engine (0.1.0)
buff-shell_out (0.1.0)
builder (3.2.2)
bundler (1.3.5)
bundler-unload (1.0.1)
celluloid (0.14.1, 0.13.0)
celluloid-io (0.14.1)
chef (11.4.4)
childprocess (0.3.9)
chozo (0.6.1)
erubis (2.7.0)
excon (0.25.3)
faraday (0.8.8, 0.8.7)
ffi (1.9.0, 1.8.1)
fog (1.14.0)
formatador (0.2.4)
gssapi (1.1.2, 1.0.3)
gyoku (1.1.0)
hashie (2.0.5, 2.0.3)
highline (1.6.19, 1.6.18)
httpclient (2.3.4.1, 2.2.0.2)
httpi (2.1.0, 0.9.7)
hub (1.10.6)
i18n (0.6.4, 0.6.1)
ipaddress (0.8.0)
json (1.8.0, 1.7.7)
knife-ec2 (0.6.4)
little-plugger (1.1.3)
log4r (1.1.10)
logging (1.8.1, 1.6.2)
mime-types (1.23)
mini_portile (0.5.1)
minitar (0.5.4)
minitest (5.0.6, 4.7.5)
mixlib-authentication (1.3.0)
mixlib-cli (1.3.0)
mixlib-config (1.1.2)
mixlib-log (1.6.0)
mixlib-shellout (1.2.0, 1.1.0)
multi_json (1.7.8, 1.7.2)
multipart-post (1.2.0)
net-http-persistent (2.9, 2.8)
net-scp (1.1.2, 1.1.1, 1.0.4)
net-ssh (2.6.8, 2.6.7, 2.2.2)
net-ssh-gateway (1.2.0)
net-ssh-multi (1.2.0, 1.1)
nio4r (0.5.0, 0.4.6)
nokogiri (1.6.0, 1.5.10, 1.5.9)
nori (2.3.0, 1.1.5)
ohai (6.18.0, 6.16.0)
rack (1.5.2)
rake (10.1.0, 10.0.4)
rbzip2 (0.2.0)
rest-client (1.6.7)
retryable (1.3.3, 1.3.2)
ridley (1.5.0, 1.2.5, 0.9.0)
ruby-hmac (0.4.0)
rubygems-bundler (1.2.2, 1.1.1)
rubyntlm (0.3.3, 0.1.1)
rvm (1.11.3.8, 1.11.3.7)
savon (2.3.0, 0.9.5)
solve (0.8.0, 0.4.2)
systemu (2.5.2)
thor (0.18.1)
thread_safe (0.1.2)
timers (1.1.0)
tzinfo (1.0.1, 0.3.37)
uuidtools (2.1.4)
vagrant (1.0.7)
varia_model (0.1.1)
wasabi (3.2.0, 1.0.0)
winrm (1.1.2)
yajl-ruby (1.1.0)
每个VPC都应该配置安全组。您确定您在该区域创建的专有网络包含相关的密钥对和安全组吗？
原来在AWS管理控制台中有一个我从未注意到（需要使用）的下拉菜单。
- 在AWS管理控制台中选择适当的区域
- 创建一个新的密钥对，然后
- 在新区域中重新创建安全组，然后
- 使用knife[：aws_ssh_key_id]="myclient au"更新knife.rb，然后
- 正在传递-i~/.ec2/myclient-au.pem
一切又开始运转了。