使用XML::LibXML解析XML时出现格式错误的UTF-8字符(致命)错误

Question

我正在使用XML::LibXML解析XML文件。对于下面的XML条目，我得到了错误:

Malformed UTF-8 character (fatal) at C:/Perl64/site/lib/XML/LibXML/Error.pm line 217

即

$context=~s/[^t]/ /g;

XML中的条目如下

<MedlineCitation Owner="NLM" Status="MEDLINE">
<PMID Version="1">15177811</PMID>
<DateCreated>
<Year>2004</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>04</Day>
</DateCreated>
<DateCompleted>
<Year>2004</Year>
<Month>08</Month>
<Day>11</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised>
<Year>2011</Year>
<Month>04</Month>
<Day>07</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print">
<Journal>
<ISSN IssnType="Print">0278-2626</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print">
<Volume>55</Volume>
<Issue>2</Issue>
<PubDate>
<Year>2004</Year>
<Month>Jul</Month>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Brain and cognition</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Brain Cogn</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Efficiency of orientation channels in the striate cortex for distributed categorization process.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination>
<MedlinePgn>352-4</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<Affiliation>Cognitive Science Department, Université de Liège, Belgium. [e-mail]</Affiliation>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y">
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Mermillod</LastName>
<ForeName>Martial</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Chauvin</LastName>
<ForeName>Alan</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Guyader</LastName>
<ForeName>Nathalie</ForeName>
<Initials>N</Initials>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList>
<PublicationType>Journal Article</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo>
<Country>United States</Country>
<MedlineTA>Brain Cogn</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>8218014</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>0278-2626</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<CommentsCorrectionsList>
<CommentsCorrections RefType="ErratumIn">
<RefSource>Brain Cogn. 2005 Jul;58(2):245</RefSource>
</CommentsCorrections>
<CommentsCorrections RefType="RepublishedIn">
<RefSource>Brain Cogn. 2005 Jul;58(2):246-8</RefSource>
<PMID Version="1">16044513</PMID>
</CommentsCorrections>
</CommentsCorrectionsList>
<MeshHeadingList>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="Y">Neural Networks (Computer)</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Neurons</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Orientation</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Pattern Recognition, Visual</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N">Visual Cortex</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
</MedlineCitation>

但是我想从这个条目中得到的东西是PMID, DateRevised, PubDate, ArticleTitle, CommentsCorrectionList和MeshHeadingList。但是，如果我删除包含一些其他字符的从属关系，这个错误就不再存在了。我应该如何修复这个错误?

Answer 1

您可以将文件转换为指定的编码(UTF-8)，也可以指定文件实际使用的编码。(<?xml version="1.0" encoding="cp1252"?>).

Notepad可以用来转换为UTF-8, Perl也可以:

perl -pe"
   BEGIN {
      binmode STDIN,  ':encoding(cp1252)';
      binmode STDOUT, ':encoding(UTF-8)';
   }
" < file.cp1252 > file.UTF-8

(您必须删除我为可读性添加的换行符)