请帮助新手在Mac OS 10.5.8上安装NLTK



我对编程完全是新手。我一直在尝试各种方法在我的Mac上安装NLTK(运行OS 10.5.8),但它们都不起作用。请帮助!以下是我到目前为止所做的。

因为一开始我没有意识到新版本的Python需要OS 10.6或更高版本,我首先尝试安装最新版本的Python 3和Python 2,但这显然不起作用。然后我发现了一个旧的安装(文件名是python-2.7.6-macosx10.3.dmg),它安装成功了。

然后我试着按照本页上的说明做,我抄在下面:

  1. Install Setuptools: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools

  2. 安装Pip:运行sudo easy_install Pip

  3. 安装Numpy(可选):运行sudo pip Install -U Numpy

  4. 安装PyYAML和NLTK:运行sudo pip Install -U PyYAML NLTK

  5. 测试安装:运行python然后输入import nltk

步骤1和2工作正常,但当我尝试步骤3和4时,我得到一个错误。无论我尝试步骤3还是步骤4,错误都是相同的:

unknown0021E9E0E476:~ Tom$ sudo pip install -U numpy
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/bin/pip", line 8, in <module> load_entry_point('pip==1.4.1', 'console_scripts', 'pip')()
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/Extras/lib/python/pkg_resources.py", line 271, in load_entry_point
return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/Extras/lib/python/pkg_resources.py", line 2173, in load_entry_point
return ep.load()
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.5/Extras/lib/python/pkg_resources.py", line 1906, in loadentry = __import__(self.module_name, globals(),globals(), ['__name__'])
File "/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages/pip-1.4.1-py2.5.egg/pip/__init__.py", line 10, in <module>
from pip.util import get_installed_distributions, get_prog
File "/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages/pip-1.4.1-py2.5.egg/pip/util.py", line 17, in <module>
from pip.vendor.distlib import version
File "/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages/pip-1.4.1-py2.5.egg/pip/vendor/distlib/version.py", line 13, in <module>
from .compat import string_types
File "/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages/pip-1.4.1-py2.5.egg/pip/vendor/distlib/compat.py", line 276
return b''
         ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

然后我在这一页上发现了一组不同的说明。它首先让你安装Xcode和MacPorts,我做了(再次发现旧版本与10.5.8兼容)。我成功地完成了接下来的几个步骤:安装了python27,将其设置为系统默认值(sudo port select——set python python27),并安装了依赖项py27-numpy, py27-yaml和py27-scipy。然而,我无法安装一个必需的包py27-matplotlib。下面是当我尝试:

unknown0021E9E0E476:~ Tom$ sudo port install py27-matplotlib
--->  Computing dependencies for py27-matplotlib
--->  Dependencies to be installed: py27-pyobjc-cocoa py27-pyobjc py27-six py27-tkinter tk Xft2 tcl xorg-libXScrnSaver xorg-scrnsaverproto py27-tornado py27-backports-ssl_match_hostname py27-backports
--->  Staging py27-pyobjc into destroot
Error: org.macports.destroot for port py27-pyobjc returned: command execution failed
Error: Failed to install py27-pyobjc
Please see the log file for port py27-pyobjc for details:
/opt/local/var/macports/logs/_opt_local_var_macports_sources_rsync.macports.org_release_tarballs_ports_python_py-pyobjc/py27-pyobjc/main.log
Error: The following dependencies were not installed: py27-pyobjc-cocoa py27-pyobjc py27-six py27-tkinter tk Xft2 tcl xorg-libXScrnSaver xorg-scrnsaverproto py27-tornado py27-backports-ssl_match_hostname py27-backports
To report a bug, follow the instructions in the guide:
http://guide.macports.org/#project.tickets
Error: Processing of port py27-matplotlib failed

没有这个包,我无法继续安装NLTK。

我也试过在PyCharm中安装NLTK,但也不起作用:看看这个问题。我已经无计可施了,所以任何帮助都将非常感激!

ETA:问题解决了!我从https://pypi.python.org/pypi/nltk下载了tar.gz文件,并按照包中的安装说明进行安装,现在我可以在Python shell中导入NLTK了。是否有可能,我只是试图安装的东西,而在错误的目录?(我仍然想在PyCharm中使用NLTK,所以回答这个问题仍然是受欢迎的。)

尝试安装包含matplotlib和numpy的scipy包,我是一门课程的助教,我们经常使用numpy和matplotlib,使用scipy包来安装对很多人来说是一个解决方案。单个二进制包和源包可从以下路径获得:scipy docs

  sudo port install py27-numpy py27-scipy py27-matplotlib py27-ipython +notebook py27-pandas py27-sympy py27-nose

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