使用 C#/Moq 框架模拟带有输入参数的异步 DbContext 函数



我做了一个DbContext的模拟,并填充了测试数据。DbSet 是一个受保护的类,因此无法模拟结果,因此我找到了一个扩展方法。

    public static class DbSetMocking
    {
    private static Mock<DbSet<T>> CreateMockSet<T>(IQueryable<T> data)
            where T : class
    {
        var queryableData = data.AsQueryable();
        var mockSet = new Mock<DbSet<T>>();
        mockSet.As<IQueryable<T>>().Setup(m => m.Provider)
                .Returns(queryableData.Provider);
        mockSet.As<IQueryable<T>>().Setup(m => m.Expression)
                .Returns(queryableData.Expression);
        mockSet.As<IQueryable<T>>().Setup(m => m.ElementType)
                .Returns(queryableData.ElementType);
        mockSet.As<IQueryable<T>>().Setup(m => m.GetEnumerator())
                .Returns(queryableData.GetEnumerator());
      return mockSet;
    }
    public static IReturnsResult<TContext> ReturnsDbSet<TEntity, TContext>(this IReturns<TContext, DbSet<TEntity>> setup, TEntity[] entities)
        where TEntity : class
        where TContext : DbContext
    {
        var mockSet = CreateMockSet(entities.AsQueryable());
        return setup.Returns(mockSet.Object);
    }
    public static IReturnsResult<TContext> ReturnsDbSet<TEntity, TContext>(this IReturns<TContext, DbSet<TEntity>> setup, IQueryable<TEntity> entities)
        where TEntity : class
        where TContext : DbContext
    {
        var mockSet = CreateMockSet(entities);
        return setup.Returns(mockSet.Object);
    }
    public static IReturnsResult<TContext> ReturnsDbSet<TEntity, TContext>(this IReturns<TContext, DbSet<TEntity>> setup, IEnumerable<TEntity> entities)
        where TEntity : class
        where TContext : DbContext
    {
        var mockSet = CreateMockSet(entities.AsQueryable());
        return setup.Returns(mockSet.Object);
    }
}

要创建 DbContext 的模拟,请执行以下操作:

var db = new Mock<DbContext>();
//Populate
this.db.Setup(x => x.MyObjects).ReturnsDbSet(
  new List<MyObject>
  {
     new MyObject{Id=1, Description="Test"},                   
  }
 );

其次,我正在尝试扩展模拟以包括 Find(id) 和 FindAsync(id) 方法。这些方法被放置在 DbSetMocking 类中。查找方法工作正常:

 mockSet.Setup(m => m.Find(It.IsAny<object[]>()))
      .Returns<object[]>(id => StaticMethodtoFindStuff<T>(queryableData,   id));

但是,我无法让 FindAsync 方法工作。这是我到目前为止尝试过的:

mockSet.Setup(m => m.FindAsync(It.IsAny<object[]>()))
   .Returns(Task.FromResult(StaticMethodtoFindStuff<T>(queryableData, 1)));

这个有效,但是我无法访问函数设置的参数。尝试了这个,编译工作正常,但在执行时失败,出现错误 msg:

类型为"System.Object[]"的对象不能转换为类型"System.Threading.Tasks.Task'1[System.Object[]]"。

mockSet.Setup(m => m.FindAsync(It.IsAny<object[]>()))
    .Returns<Task<object[]>>(d =>
     {
        return Task.FromResult(StaticMethodtoFindStuff<T>(queryableData, d));
     });

有人知道如何实现此功能吗?

终于想

通了。原来我在那里缺少一个"异步"关键字。代码是:

        mockSet.Setup(m => m.FindAsync(It.IsAny<object[]>()))
            .Returns<object[]>(async (d) =>
            {
                return await Task.FromResult(StaticMethodtoFindStuff<T>(queryableData, d));
            });

尝试更改此行:

mockSet.Setup(m => m.FindAsync(It.IsAny<object[]>()))
    .Returns<Task<object[]>>(d =>
     {
        return Task.FromResult(StaticMethodtoFindStuff<T>(queryableData, d));
     });

自:

mockSet.Setup(m => m.FindAsync(It.IsAny<object[]>()))
    .Returns<object[]>(d =>
     {
        return Task.FromResult(StaticMethodtoFindStuff<T>(queryableData, d));
     });

这里的问题是,.Returns<T> 的通用参数T不是结果的类型,而是第一个参数的类型,在.Setup方法的函数内部传递 - 对于你的 it's object[]。

查看最小起订量源代码以获取更多信息:

https://github.com/moq/moq4/blob/b2cf2d303ea6644fda2eaf10bad43c88c05b395f/Source/Language/IReturns.Generated.cs

以下是来源的引述,请查看 T1 和 T2 参数注释:

/// <summary>
/// Specifies a function that will calculate the value to return from the method, 
/// retrieving the arguments for the invocation.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T1">The type of the first argument of the invoked method.</typeparam>
/// <typeparam name="T2">The type of the second argument of the invoked method.</typeparam>
/// <param name="valueFunction">The function that will calculate the return value.</param>
/// <return>Returns a calculated value which is evaluated lazily at the time of the invocation.</return>
/// <example>
/// <para>
/// The return value is calculated from the value of the actual method invocation arguments. 
/// Notice how the arguments are retrieved by simply declaring them as part of the lambda 
/// expression:
/// </para>
/// <code>
/// mock.Setup(x => x.Execute(
///                      It.IsAny<int>(), 
///                      It.IsAny<int>()))
///     .Returns((int arg1, int arg2) => arg1 + arg2); //I fixed that line, it's different in the documentation and is incorrect
/// </code>
/// </example>
IReturnsResult<TMock> Returns<T1, T2>(Func<T1, T2, TResult> valueFunction);

您还可以看到,它使用可变数量的泛型参数定义了 Return 的多个重载,因此您可以模拟最多包含 16 个参数的方法。

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