在Spring Boot服务层的单元测试中模拟原始字符串

Question

我正试图为服务层方法编写单元测试，通过名称查找Players。该方法调用一个JPA存储库方法并返回一个Page对象。我希望测试验证是否确实调用了存储库中的正确方法。

测试类

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = {PlayerService.class})
public class PlayerServiceTest {
@Autowired
PlayerService playerService;
@MockBean
PlayerRepository playerRepository;

@Test
public void whenListPlayersByName_thenShouldCallFindMethodWithPageableArgAndNameArg(){
Pageable pageableStub = Mockito.mock(Pageable.class);
String name = "xxx";
Mockito.when(playerRepository.findByNameContainingIgnoreCase(any(String.class), any(Pageable.class)))
.thenReturn(any(Page.class));
//1st attempt:
//playerService.listPlayersByName(name, pageableStub);
playerService.listPlayersByName(eq(name), pageableStub);
verify(playerRepository).findByNameContainingIgnoreCase(any(String.class), any(Pageable.class));
}

我的问题

测试失败，并显示消息：

org.mockito.exceptions.misusing.InvalidUseOfMatchersException: 
Invalid use of argument matchers!
2 matchers expected, 1 recorded:
-> at com.domin0x.player.PlayerServiceTest.whenListPlayersByName_thenShouldCallFindMethodWithPageableArgAndNameArg(PlayerServiceTest.java:60)
This exception may occur if matchers are combined with raw values:
//incorrect:
someMethod(anyObject(), "raw String");
When using matchers, all arguments have to be provided by matchers.
For example:
//correct:
someMethod(anyObject(), eq("String by matcher"));

根据建议，我将name更改为eq(name)，但这导致了另一个问题：

Argument(s) are different! Wanted:
com.domin0x.player.PlayerRepository#0 bean.findByNameContainingIgnoreCase(
<any java.lang.String>, <any org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable>);
Actual invocation has different arguments:
com.domin0x.player.PlayerRepository#0 bean.findByNameContainingIgnoreCase(
null,     Mock for Pageable, hashCode: 309271464
;

有什么建议我在考试中应该改什么吗？

服务类别

@Service
public class PlayerService {
public Page<Player> listPlayersByName(String name, Pageable pageable) {
return repository.findByNameContainingIgnoreCase(name, pageable);
}

存储库界面

@Repository
public interface PlayerRepository extends JpaRepository<Player, Integer> {
Page<Player> findByNameContainingIgnoreCase(String name, Pageable pageable);
}

Answer 1

我花了一段时间才弄清楚这一点。

在thenReturn中，您正在调用any(Page.class)。相反，您应该返回一个实际的Page对象或一个模拟的Page对象(。

除非你无法知道身份，否则最好避免使用"任何"。

Page<Player> pageStub = (Page<Player>)Mockito.mock(Page.class);
Mockito.when(playerRepository.findByNameContainingIgnoreCase(name, pageableStub))
.thenReturn(pageStub);
Page<PlayerStub> result = playerService.listPlayersByName(name, pageableStub);
assertSame(pageStub, result);
// No need to call verify, since it couldn't get pageStub without calling the correctly stubbed method.

为了澄清：eq()、any()和其他"匹配器"只能用作when和verify中方法的参数。它们永远不应该传递给测试对象，也不应该从任何模拟对象返回。