JavaFX对所有控件使用等宽字体

Question

我在Red Hat Enterprise Linux Workstation 6.6版(Santiago)上使用JavaFX 1.8u40。当我运行一个标准的JavaFX应用程序时，即使没有额外的CSS，所有的标签、菜单等都使用单空格字体显示。

我使用的系统只有以下TTF字体可用

/usr/share/fonts/liberation
/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSerif-Regular.ttf
/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-BoldItalic.ttf
/usr/share/fonts/liberation/fonts.dir
/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Italic.ttf
/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-Bold.ttf
/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSerif-Bold.ttf
/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Regular.ttf
/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-BoldItalic.ttf
/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSerif-Italic.ttf
/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSerif-BoldItalic.ttf
/usr/share/fonts/liberation/fonts.scale
/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-Regular.ttf
/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-Italic.ttf
/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Bold.ttf

我已经使用OpenJFX字体指南中的-Dprism.debugfonts对此进行了调试。输出如下。

Loading FontFactory com.sun.javafx.font.freetype.FTFactory
Subpixel: enabled
Freetype2 Loaded (version 2.3.11)
LCD support Enabled
Time spent accessing fontconfig=4ms.
FC font sans:regular:roman maps to Liberation Mono in file /usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Regular.ttf
0) Family=Liberation Mono, Style=Regular, Fullname=Liberation Mono, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Regular.ttf
1) Family=Liberation Sans, Style=Regular, Fullname=Liberation Sans, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-Regular.ttf
2) Family=Liberation Serif, Style=Regular, Fullname=Liberation Serif, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSerif-Regular.ttf
FC font sans:bold:roman maps to Liberation Mono Bold in file /usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Bold.ttf
0) Family=Liberation Mono, Style=Bold, Fullname=Liberation Mono Bold, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Bold.ttf
1) Family=Liberation Sans, Style=Bold, Fullname=Liberation Sans Bold, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-Bold.ttf
2) Family=Liberation Serif, Style=Regular, Fullname=Liberation Serif, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSerif-Regular.ttf
FC font sans:regular:italic maps to Liberation Mono Italic in file /usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Italic.ttf
0) Family=Liberation Mono, Style=Italic, Fullname=Liberation Mono Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Italic.ttf
1) Family=Liberation Sans, Style=Italic, Fullname=Liberation Sans Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-Italic.ttf
2) Family=Liberation Serif, Style=Italic, Fullname=Liberation Serif Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSerif-Italic.ttf
FC font sans:bold:italic maps to Liberation Sans Bold Italic in file /usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-BoldItalic.ttf
0) Family=Liberation Sans, Style=Bold Italic, Fullname=Liberation Sans Bold Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-BoldItalic.ttf
1) Family=Liberation Mono, Style=Bold Italic, Fullname=Liberation Mono Bold Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-BoldItalic.ttf
2) Family=Liberation Serif, Style=Italic, Fullname=Liberation Serif Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSerif-Italic.ttf
FC font serif:regular:roman maps to Liberation Mono in file /usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Regular.ttf
0) Family=Liberation Mono, Style=Regular, Fullname=Liberation Mono, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Regular.ttf
1) Family=Liberation Sans, Style=Regular, Fullname=Liberation Sans, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-Regular.ttf
2) Family=Liberation Serif, Style=Regular, Fullname=Liberation Serif, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSerif-Regular.ttf
FC font serif:bold:roman maps to Liberation Mono Bold in file /usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Bold.ttf
0) Family=Liberation Mono, Style=Bold, Fullname=Liberation Mono Bold, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Bold.ttf
1) Family=Liberation Sans, Style=Bold, Fullname=Liberation Sans Bold, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-Bold.ttf
2) Family=Liberation Serif, Style=Regular, Fullname=Liberation Serif, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSerif-Regular.ttf
FC font serif:regular:italic maps to Liberation Mono Italic in file /usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Italic.ttf
0) Family=Liberation Mono, Style=Italic, Fullname=Liberation Mono Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Italic.ttf
1) Family=Liberation Sans, Style=Italic, Fullname=Liberation Sans Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-Italic.ttf
2) Family=Liberation Serif, Style=Italic, Fullname=Liberation Serif Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSerif-Italic.ttf
FC font serif:bold:italic maps to Liberation Sans Bold Italic in file /usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-BoldItalic.ttf
0) Family=Liberation Sans, Style=Bold Italic, Fullname=Liberation Sans Bold Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-BoldItalic.ttf
1) Family=Liberation Mono, Style=Bold Italic, Fullname=Liberation Mono Bold Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-BoldItalic.ttf
2) Family=Liberation Serif, Style=Italic, Fullname=Liberation Serif Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSerif-Italic.ttf
FC font monospace:regular:roman maps to Liberation Mono in file /usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Regular.ttf
0) Family=Liberation Mono, Style=Regular, Fullname=Liberation Mono, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Regular.ttf
1) Family=Liberation Sans, Style=Regular, Fullname=Liberation Sans, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-Regular.ttf
2) Family=Liberation Serif, Style=Regular, Fullname=Liberation Serif, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSerif-Regular.ttf
FC font monospace:bold:roman maps to Liberation Mono Bold in file /usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Bold.ttf
0) Family=Liberation Mono, Style=Bold, Fullname=Liberation Mono Bold, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Bold.ttf
1) Family=Liberation Sans, Style=Bold, Fullname=Liberation Sans Bold, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-Bold.ttf
2) Family=Liberation Serif, Style=Regular, Fullname=Liberation Serif, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSerif-Regular.ttf
FC font monospace:regular:italic maps to Liberation Mono Italic in file /usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Italic.ttf
0) Family=Liberation Mono, Style=Italic, Fullname=Liberation Mono Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Italic.ttf
1) Family=Liberation Sans, Style=Italic, Fullname=Liberation Sans Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-Italic.ttf
2) Family=Liberation Serif, Style=Italic, Fullname=Liberation Serif Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSerif-Italic.ttf
FC font monospace:bold:italic maps to Liberation Sans Bold Italic in file /usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-BoldItalic.ttf
0) Family=Liberation Sans, Style=Bold Italic, Fullname=Liberation Sans Bold Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSans-BoldItalic.ttf
1) Family=Liberation Mono, Style=Bold Italic, Fullname=Liberation Mono Bold Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-BoldItalic.ttf
2) Family=Liberation Serif, Style=Italic, Fullname=Liberation Serif Italic, File=/usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationSerif-Italic.ttf
FC name=sans style=0 uses Liberation Mono in file: /usr/share/fonts/liberation/LiberationMono-Regular.ttf

我发现使用-Dprism.useFontConfig=false会导致JavaFX默认为内置Lucida字体，但我需要使用/usr/share/fonts 中的解放文件

问题

• 我应该如何解释prism.debug字体的输出？0、1、2行是什么意思？我在网上找不到任何相关文档
• 为什么JavaFX使用单空间字体来实现逻辑sans字体
• 如何让JavaFX使用Liberation Sans而不是mono？理想情况下，无需修改JDK安装
• 这是JavaFX问题还是fontconfig问题

更新

• 从我在javafx开发人员邮件列表上发布的问题来看，javafx只使用包装符fc匹配，因此问题必须在字体配置文件中，这在其他地方也可以看到：字体问题，用于衬线和无衬线族的单空格

Answer 1

问题出现在/etc/fonts/conf.d/中的fontconfig规则中，而不是JavaFX。我还没能解决这个问题，但使用fc match会产生相同的结果

fc-match sans:regular:roman 
"LiberationMono-Regular.ttf": "Liberation Mono" "Regular"

我在另一个论坛上发现了类似的问题：字体问题，用于衬线和无衬线族的单空格，但没有解决方案。

添加字体配置文件，例如/etc/fonts/conf.d/88-liberation-hack.conf将修复问题

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
<alias>
<family>sans-serif</family>
<prefer><family>Liberation Sans</family></prefer>
</alias>
<alias>
<family>serif</family>
<prefer><family>Liberation Serif</family></prefer>
</alias>

<alias>
<family>monospace</family>
<prefer><family>Liberation Mono</family></prefer>
</alias>
</fontconfig>