如何从 def(main) 调用函数:def(dot) 和 def(dice)?

Question

我无法从第三个(主)函数调用前两个函数。我相信我的编码正确(忽略大小和 x，y 坐标)来显示 di 的五边，但似乎无法弄清楚如何调用函数。

主要目标是显示DI的五个面。

def dot(c,d):
#draw each dot 
circDot1 = Circle(Point(50, 50), 5).setFill('black')
circDot1.draw(win)
circDot3 = Circle(Point(50, 100), 5).setFill('black')
circDot3.draw(win)
circDot5 = Circle(Point(100, 50), 5).setFill('black')
circDot5.draw(win)
circDot7 = Circle(Point(100, 100), 5).setFill('black')
circDot7.draw(win)
circDot4 = Circle(Point(75, 75), 5).setFill('black')
circDot4.draw(win)
def dice(a,b):
#build the dice
rectDice = Rectangle(Point(115, 115), Point(275,275))
rectDice.setFill('pink')
rectDice.setOutline('pink')
rectDice.draw(win)

def main():
# Create window, call dice function
win = GraphWin("Dice", 400, 400)
win.setBackground("cyan")
dice("a","b")

Answer 1

问题很少：

您没有执行main()来运行程序，但也许您没有添加它只是有问题的。

---

win是局部变量，函数无法访问它们。您应该在错误消息中看到它NameError: name 'win' is not definedrectDice.draw(win)。

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#2>", line 30, in <module>
main()
File "<pyshell#2>", line 28, in main
dice("a","b")
File "<pyshell#2>", line 21, in dice
rectDice.draw(win)
NameError: name 'win' is not defined

您可以添加win作为参数

def dice(win, a, b):
#build the dice
rectDice = Rectangle(Point(115, 115), Point(275,275))
rectDice.setFill('pink')
rectDice.setOutline('pink')
rectDice.draw(win)
def main():
# Create window, call dice function
win = GraphWin("Dice", 400, 400)
win.setBackground("cyan")
dice(win, "a","b")

或者您必须将窗口分配给全局变量 - 在main()中使用global

def dice(a, b):
#build the dice
rectDice = Rectangle(Point(115, 115), Point(275,275))
rectDice.setFill('pink')
rectDice.setOutline('pink')
rectDice.draw(win)
def main():
global win
# Create window, call dice function
win = GraphWin("Dice", 400, 400)
win.setBackground("cyan")
dice("a", "b")

同样的问题也存在于dot()

---

dot()你还有其他问题。您必须在下一行中使用setFill()

circDot1 = Circle(Point(50, 50), 5)
circDot1.setFill('black')
circDot1.draw(win)

---

完整代码：

from graphics import *
def dot(win, c, d):
#draw each dot 
circDot1 = Circle(Point(50, 50), 5)
circDot1.setFill('black')
circDot1.draw(win)
circDot3 = Circle(Point(50, 100), 5)
circDot3.setFill('black')
circDot3.draw(win)
circDot5 = Circle(Point(100, 50), 5)
circDot5.setFill('black')
circDot5.draw(win)
circDot7 = Circle(Point(100, 100), 5)
circDot7.setFill('black')
circDot7.draw(win)
circDot4 = Circle(Point(75, 75), 5)
circDot4.setFill('black')
circDot4.draw(win)
def dice(win, a, b):
#build the dice
rectDice = Rectangle(Point(115, 115), Point(275,275))
rectDice.setFill('pink')
rectDice.setOutline('pink')
rectDice.draw(win)

def main():
# Create window, call dice function
win = GraphWin("Dice", 400, 400)
win.setBackground("cyan")
dice(win, "a", "b")
dot(win, "c", "d")
main() 

Answer 2

我认为你的main()函数甚至没有被调用。

尝试使用这个：

def main():
# Create window, call dice function
win = GraphWin("Dice", 400, 400)
win.setBackground("cyan")
dice("a","b")
if __name__== "__main__":
main()

参考：此链接