小贝子编程

如何让程序访问数据文件以输出具有建议类数据的平均分数和最高分?如何减轻按钮1点击中的错误?



我的任务是编写一个程序，该程序访问包含篮球运动员姓名和得分的外部文本文件。无论语言如何，我总是在从 txt 文件读取和写入时遇到问题。从txt文件读取后，程序应该输出所有玩家的平均分数以及最高得分者的玩家姓名。这是我所拥有的：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO;
using System.Diagnostics;
namespace TextFiles
{
public partial class BasketBallStats : Form
{
    List<int> marks = new List<int>();
    public BasketBallStats()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
    }
    // Form load event handler used to construct
    // object of the Streamwriter class, sending the 
    // new filename as an argument. Enclosed in
    // try...catch block.
    public class BasketballController
    {
        public class Entry
        {
            public int Value { get; set; }
            public string Name { get; set; }
        }
        BasketballController(string filename)
        {
            this.filename = filename;
        }
        private string filename;
        private List<Entry> data = new List<Entry>();
        public List<Entry> Data
        {
            get
            {
                // Clear data
                data.Clear();
                // Iterate through lines
                foreach (string line in System.IO.File.ReadLines(filename))
                {
                    // Split by space
                    List<string> parts = line.Trim().Split(' ').ToList();
                    if (parts.Count() < 2)
                        continue;
                    // Number is last space separated string
                    int number = int.Parse(parts.Last());
                    // Remove number
                    parts.RemoveAt(parts.Count() - 1);
                    // Name is any previous word joined by space
                    string name = string.Join(" ", parts).Trim();
                    // Add number and name to data
                    data.Add(new Entry() { Name = name, Value = number });
                }
                // Sort from greater value to smaller
                data.Sort(Comparer<Entry>.Create(
                    (l, r) => r.Value.CompareTo(l.Value)));
                return data;
            }
            set
            {
                using (var writer = new System.IO.StreamWriter(filename))
                {
                    foreach (var entry in value)
                    {
                        writer.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} {1}", entry.Name, entry.Value));
                    }
                }
                data = value;
            }
        }
        public double Average
        {
            get
            {
                // Read file if data is empty, otherwise reuse its value
                var src = (data.Count() == 0) ? Data : data;
                if (src.Count() == 0)
                    return 0.0;
                // Return average
                return src.Average(x => x.Value);
            }
        }
    }
    private string score;
    public List<int> Marks { get => Marks1; set => Marks1 = value; }
    public List<int> Marks1 { get => marks; set => marks = value; }
    private void BasketBallStats_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
    }
    private void BtnCreateFile_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        score = "basketBallScore.txt";
        if (File.Exists(score))
        {
            Console.WriteLine("FileName: {0}", score);
            Console.WriteLine("Attributes: {0}",
                File.GetAttributes(score));
            Console.WriteLine("Created: {0}",
                File.GetCreationTime(score));
            Console.WriteLine("Last Accessed: {0}",
                File.GetLastAccessTime(score));
            DirectoryInfo dir = new DirectoryInfo(".");
            Console.WriteLine("Current Directory: n{0} n",
                Directory.GetCurrentDirectory());
            Console.WriteLine("File Name".PadRight(52) +
                "Size".PadRight(10) + "Creation Time");
            foreach (FileInfo fil in dir.GetFiles("*.*"))
            {
                string name = fil.Name;
                long size = fil.Length;
                DateTime creationTime = fil.CreationTime;
                Console.WriteLine("{0} {1,12:NO} {2, 20:g} ", name.PadRight(45),
                    size, creationTime);
            }
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0} not found - using current" +
                "directory:", score);
        }
        Console.ReadKey();
    }
    private void BtnWriteFile_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        try
        {
            var WriteToFile = new System.IO.StreamWriter("basketBallScore.txt"); //create textfile in default directory
            WriteToFile.Write(listView1.Text + ", " + listView1.Text + ", " + listView1.Text + ", " + listView1.Text);
            WriteToFile.Close();
            Marks.Add(Convert.ToInt32(listView1.Text)); //add to list
        }
        catch (System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException)
        {
            lblMessage.Text = "File did not close properly: ";    //add error message
        }
    }
    private void ManipulateFile_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        int[] hoursArray = new int[30];
        StreamReader fileSR = new StreamReader("basketBallScore.txt");
        int counter = 0;
        string line = "";
        line = fileSR.ReadLine();
        while (line != null)
        {
            hoursArray[counter] = int.Parse(line);
            counter = counter + 1;
            line = fileSR.ReadLine();
        }
        fileSR.Close();
        int total = 0;
        double average = 0;
        for (int index = 0; index < hoursArray.Length; index++)
        {
            total = total + hoursArray[index];
        }
        average = (double)total / hoursArray.Length;
        int high = hoursArray[0];
        for (int index = 1; index < hoursArray.Length; index++)
        {
            if (hoursArray[index] > high)
            {
                high = hoursArray[index];
            }
        }
        Console.WriteLine("Highest number is: " + high);
        Console.WriteLine("The average is: " + average);
        Console.ReadLine();
    }
    private void BasketBallStats_Load_1(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
    }
    private void CalcAverage_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        int totalmarks = 0;
        foreach (int m in Marks)
            totalmarks += m;
        MessageBox.Show("Average Is: " + totalmarks / Marks.Count);
    }
    private void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        var c = new BasketballController("basketBallScore.txt");
        Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Average {0}", c.Average));
        Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("First {0} {1}", c.Data.First().Name, c.Data.First().Value));
        Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Last {0} {1}", c.Data.Last().Name, c.Data.Last().Value));
    }
  }
}

这是文本文件包含的内容：

Lebron James        31
Steph Curry         12
Kyrie Irving        37
Kevin Durant        9
Paul George         35
Klay Thompson       8
J.R.Smith           12  
Zaza Pachulia       4
Tristan Thompson    10
Draymond Green      2

程序将访问该文件，但除了验证数据文件之外，不会提供任何输出。

几件事：

  • 当您在代码中看到文件名两次(实际上是 4 次(时，您遇到了等待发生的问题。将所有这些文本替换为类成员。
  • 通常在处理文本文件时，您不会使它们保持打开状态，而是遵循以下模式：
    • 以只读模式打开文件
    • 读取数据
    • 关闭文件
    • 对数据执行某些操作
    • 在写入模式下打开文件
    • 写入数据(覆盖以前的文件(
    • 关闭文件 并在打开和关闭操作之间尽可能少地等待。无论你如何制作它们。

代码的主要问题是表单何时加载：

private void Form1_Load(object seneder, EventArgs e)
{
    try
    {
        filbasketBallStat = new StreamWriter("basketBallScore.txt");

如果您检查 StreamWriter(字符串( 构造函数的 MSDN，您将阅读以下内容：

如果该文件存在，则会覆盖该文件;否则，将创建一个新文件。

因此，当运行此文件时，您的文件最终应该是空白的，因此没有什么可阅读的，也没有什么可报告的。

您可能还应该将功能从表单中抽象出来。这将为您提供更大的灵活性，并允许您更轻松地进行调试。

这应该有效：

class BasketballController
{
    public class Entry
    {
        public int Value { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
    }
    BasketballController(string filename)
    {
        this.filename = filename;
    }
    private string filename;
    private List<Entry> data = new List<Entry>();
    public List<Entry> Data
    {
        get
        {
            // Clear data
            data.Clear();
            // Iterate through lines
            foreach (string line in System.IO.File.ReadLines(filename))
            {
                // Split by space
                List<string> parts = line.Trim().Split(' ').ToList();
                if (parts.Count() < 2)
                    continue;
                // Number is last space separated string
                int number = int.Parse(parts.Last());
                // Remove number
                parts.RemoveAt(parts.Count() - 1);
                // Name is any previous word joined by space
                string name = string.Join(" ", parts).Trim();
                // Add number and name to data
                data.Add(new Entry() { Name = name, Value = number });
            }
            // Sort from greater value to smaller
            data.Sort(Comparer<Entry>.Create(
                (l, r) => r.Value.CompareTo(l.Value)));
            return data;
        }
        set
        {
            using (var writer = new System.IO.StreamWriter(filename))
            {
                foreach (var entry in value)
                {
                    writer.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} {1}", entry.Name, entry.Value));
                }
            }
            data = value;
        }
    }
    public double Average
    {
        get
        {
            // Read file if data is empty, otherwise reuse its value
            var src = (data.Count() == 0) ? Data : data;
            if (src.Count() == 0)
                return 0.0;
            // Return average
            return src.Average(x => x.Value);
        }
    }
}

请注意任何文件处理代码是如何组合在一起的，以及它在尽快打开后是如何关闭的。

您可以像这样使用该类：

var c = new BasketballController("basketBallScore.txt");
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Average {0}", c.Average));
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("First {0} {1}", c.Data.First().Name, c.Data.First().Value));
Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Last {0} {1}", c.Data.Last().Name, c.Data.Last().Value));

哪些输出：

Average 16
First Kyrie Irving 37
Last Draymond Green 2

尝试以下代码来读取文件：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class Program
    {
        const string FILENAME = @"c:temptest.txt";
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            new Player(FILENAME);
        }
    }
    public class Player
    {
        const int NAME_COL_WIDTH = 20;
        public static List<Player> players = new List<Player>();
        public string name { get; set; }
        public int score { get; set; }
        public Player() { } //player constructor with no parameters
        public Player(string filename)
        {
            StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(filename);
            string inputLine = "";
            while((inputLine = reader.ReadLine()) != null)
            {
                Player newPlayer = new Player();
                players.Add(newPlayer);
                newPlayer.name = inputLine.Substring(0, NAME_COL_WIDTH).Trim();
                newPlayer.score = int.Parse(inputLine.Substring(NAME_COL_WIDTH));
            }
            reader.Close();
        }
    }
}

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