使用Netbeans将示例应用程序打包并运行为JAR

Question

我想编译并打包这个示例代码：

thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/src$
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/src$ javac -cp
asterisk-java.jar ExampleCallIn.java
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/src$
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/src$ java -cp
asterisk-java.jar org.asteriskjava.fastagi.DefaultAgiServer Apr 20, 2015
12:19:20 PM org.asteriskjava.fastagi.DefaultAgiServer startup INFO:
Listening on *:4573.
^Cthufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/src$
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/src$
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/src$ ls asterisk-java.jar 
ExampleCallIn.class  ExampleCallIn.java fastagi-mapping.properties
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/src$
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/src$ cat ExampleCallIn.java
import org.asteriskjava.fastagi.AgiChannel;
import org.asteriskjava.fastagi.AgiException;
import org.asteriskjava.fastagi.AgiRequest;
import org.asteriskjava.fastagi.BaseAgiScript;
public class ExampleCallIn extends BaseAgiScript {
@Override public void service(AgiRequest request, AgiChannel channel)
throws
AgiException {
answer();
exec("Playback", "tt-monkeys");
hangup();
}
}
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/src$

在Netbeans中。然而，没有主类。当我在Netbeans中将其构建为JAR时：

thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ 
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ ll
total 568
drwxrwxr-x 3 thufir thufir   4096 Apr 20 12:57 ./
drwxrwxr-x 6 thufir thufir   4096 Apr 20 12:57 ../
-rw-rw-r-- 1 thufir thufir 562907 Apr 20 12:57 HelloAsterisk.jar
drwxrwxr-x 2 thufir thufir   4096 Apr 20 12:57 lib/
-rw-rw-r-- 1 thufir thufir   1328 Apr 20 12:57 README.TXT
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ 
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ ll lib/
total 560
drwxrwxr-x 2 thufir thufir   4096 Apr 20 12:57 ./
drwxrwxr-x 3 thufir thufir   4096 Apr 20 12:57 ../
-rw-rw-r-- 1 thufir thufir 561237 Apr 20 12:57 asterisk-java-1.0.0.jar
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ 
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ jar -tf HelloAsterisk.jar 
META-INF/
META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
ExampleCallIn.class
asterisk-java.jar
fastagi-mapping.properties
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ 
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ java -jar HelloAsterisk.jar 
Error: Could not find or load main class helloasterisk.HelloAsterisk
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ 

与MANIFEST.MF一样：

thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ 
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ jar -xf HelloAsterisk.jar 
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ 
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ cat META-INF/MANIFEST.MF 
Manifest-Version: 1.0
Ant-Version: Apache Ant 1.9.4
Created-By: 1.7.0_75-b13 (Oracle Corporation)
Class-Path: lib/asterisk-java-1.0.0.jar
X-COMMENT: Main-Class will be added automatically by build
Main-Class: helloasterisk.HelloAsterisk
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ 

如何构建和打包此示例代码，使其打包为使用java -jar命令运行的JAR？

我有理由相信清单需要修改。或者，当使用java -jar执行时，应该传递一些CLI选项？

首选的解决方案是自定义清单，这样我就可以按下IDE中的"运行"按钮来运行JAR。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------更新

很抱歉，上面有一个jar中的jar，因为src目录中有一个jar文件。移除罐子会产生

thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ 
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ java -jar HelloAsterisk.jar 
Error: Could not find or load main class helloasterisk.HelloAsterisk
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ 
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ ls lib/
asterisk-java-1.0.0.jar
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ 
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ jar -tf HelloAsterisk.jar 
META-INF/
META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
ExampleCallIn.class
fastagi-mapping.properties
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ 

和

thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ 
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ jar -xf HelloAsterisk.jar 
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ 
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ cat META-INF/MANIFEST.MF 
Manifest-Version: 1.0
Ant-Version: Apache Ant 1.9.4
Created-By: 1.7.0_75-b13 (Oracle Corporation)
Class-Path: lib/asterisk-java-1.0.0.jar
X-COMMENT: Main-Class will be added automatically by build
Main-Class: helloasterisk.HelloAsterisk
thufir@dur:~/NetBeansProjects/HelloAsterisk/dist$ 

从这个组织来看，清单应该是什么样子？有一个指定了Class-Path: lib/asterisk-java-1.0.0.jar的罐子。

请记住，从CLI执行.class文件时，没有主类

另请参阅：

http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.telephony.pbx.asterisk.java/18

Answer 1

Jar文件不得嵌入其他Jar文件中。那行不通。有了清单，结构必须是

some-folder
HelloAsterisk.jar 
lib
asterisk-java-1.0.0.jar

然后，在某个文件夹中，您将能够运行

java -jar HelloAsterisk.jar

(假设类helloasterisk.helloasterisk确实存在于这两个jar中的一个中)。