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Web 语音 API:在 iOS 野生动物园上持续获取支持的语音合成语音



我正在尝试获取iOS Safari上支持的语音合成语音列表。

根据 API，我应该能够通过调用来获取一系列语音：

window.speechSynthesis.getVoices();
有时

这给了我声音列表，有时没有。请参阅以下 jsfiddle：https://jsfiddle.net/sq7xf327/

如果我在我的iPhone 5（iOS 8.1.3）上打开它，我没有得到一致的结果。有时我得到所有 37 个声音，有时我得到返回 0 个声音。如果继续刷新，它偶尔会显示 37 或 0。

我知道在 Chrome 中，您可以将事件侦听器添加到 

window.speechSynthesis.voiceschanged

事件以了解语音何时加载，但 Safari 不支持此事件。

我尝试过的一个技巧是定期检查：

var timer = setInterval(function () {
    window.voices_ = window.speechSynthesis.getVoices();
    if (window.voices_.length > 0) {
        clearInterval(timer);
    }
}, 1000);

这也没有给我一致的结果。

知道如何在iOS Safari上可靠且一致地获得支持的语音合成语音吗？

我也遇到了这个问题，并将其作为错误报告给Apple。截至今天，错误报告仍然开放。

我最终做的解决方法是硬编码 37 个声音的数组。如果speechSynthesis.getVoices()返回空数组，则改用硬编码数组。

var _voices = [];
// iOS 8
var _iOSvoices = [
    {name: "pt-BR", voiceURI: "pt-BR", lang: "pt-BR", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "fr-CA", voiceURI: "fr-CA", lang: "fr-CA", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "sk-SK", voiceURI: "sk-SK", lang: "sk-SK", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "th-TH", voiceURI: "th-TH", lang: "th-TH", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "ro-RO", voiceURI: "ro-RO", lang: "ro-RO", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "no-NO", voiceURI: "no-NO", lang: "no-NO", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "fi-FI", voiceURI: "fi-FI", lang: "fi-FI", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "pl-PL", voiceURI: "pl-PL", lang: "pl-PL", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "de-DE", voiceURI: "de-DE", lang: "de-DE", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "nl-NL", voiceURI: "nl-NL", lang: "nl-NL", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "id-ID", voiceURI: "id-ID", lang: "id-ID", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "tr-TR", voiceURI: "tr-TR", lang: "tr-TR", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "it-IT", voiceURI: "it-IT", lang: "it-IT", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "pt-PT", voiceURI: "pt-PT", lang: "pt-PT", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "fr-FR", voiceURI: "fr-FR", lang: "fr-FR", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "ru-RU", voiceURI: "ru-RU", lang: "ru-RU", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "es-MX", voiceURI: "es-MX", lang: "es-MX", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "zh-HK", voiceURI: "zh-HK", lang: "zh-HK", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "sv-SE", voiceURI: "sv-SE", lang: "sv-SE", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "hu-HU", voiceURI: "hu-HU", lang: "hu-HU", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "zh-TW", voiceURI: "zh-TW", lang: "zh-TW", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "es-ES", voiceURI: "es-ES", lang: "es-ES", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "zh-CN", voiceURI: "zh-CN", lang: "zh-CN", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "nl-BE", voiceURI: "nl-BE", lang: "nl-BE", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "en-GB", voiceURI: "en-GB", lang: "en-GB", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "ar-SA", voiceURI: "ar-SA", lang: "ar-SA", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "ko-KR", voiceURI: "ko-KR", lang: "ko-KR", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "cs-CZ", voiceURI: "cs-CZ", lang: "cs-CZ", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "en-ZA", voiceURI: "en-ZA", lang: "en-ZA", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "en-AU", voiceURI: "en-AU", lang: "en-AU", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "da-DK", voiceURI: "da-DK", lang: "da-DK", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "en-US", voiceURI: "en-US", lang: "en-US", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "en-IE", voiceURI: "en-IE", lang: "en-IE", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "he-IL", voiceURI: "he-IL", lang: "he-IL", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "hi-IN", voiceURI: "hi-IN", lang: "hi-IN", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "el-GR", voiceURI: "el-GR", lang: "el-GR", localService: true, default: true},
    {name: "ja-JP", voiceURI: "ja-JP", lang: "ja-JP", localService: true, default: true}
];
function populateVoices() {
    // wait first
    var watch = setTimeout(function() {
        _voices = speechSynthesis.getVoices();
        if (_voices.length === 0) {
            // use hard-coded list because speechSynthesis.getVoices() didn't work
            _voices = _iOSvoices;
        }
        clearTimeout(watch);
    }, 100);
}

更新

如果删除延迟，iOS 9在这方面会更好一些。

function _populateVoices() {
    _voices = speechSynthesis.getVoices();
    if (_voices.length === 0) {
        // use hard-coded list because speechSynthesis.getVoices() didn't work
        _voices = _iOS9voices;
    }
}
var _iOS9voices = [
  { name: "Maged", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Maged-compact", lang: "ar-SA", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Zuzana", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Zuzana-compact", lang: "cs-CZ", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Sara", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Sara-compact", lang: "da-DK", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Anna", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Anna-compact", lang: "de-DE", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Melina", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Melina-compact", lang: "el-GR", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Karen", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Karen-compact", lang: "en-AU", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Daniel", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Daniel-compact", lang: "en-GB", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Moira", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Moira-compact", lang: "en-IE", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Samantha (Enhanced)", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Samantha-premium", lang: "en-US", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Samantha", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Samantha-compact", lang: "en-US", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Tessa", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Tessa-compact", lang: "en-ZA", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Monica", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Monica-compact", lang: "es-ES", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Paulina", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Paulina-compact", lang: "es-MX", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Satu", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Satu-compact", lang: "fi-FI", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Amelie", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Amelie-compact", lang: "fr-CA", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Thomas", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Thomas-compact", lang: "fr-FR", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Carmit", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Carmit-compact", lang: "he-IL", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Lekha", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Lekha-compact", lang: "hi-IN", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Mariska", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Mariska-compact", lang: "hu-HU", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Damayanti", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Damayanti-compact", lang: "id-ID", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Alice", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Alice-compact", lang: "it-IT", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Kyoko", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Kyoko-compact", lang: "ja-JP", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Yuna", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Yuna-compact", lang: "ko-KR", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Ellen", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Ellen-compact", lang: "nl-BE", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Xander", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Xander-compact", lang: "nl-NL", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Nora", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Nora-compact", lang: "no-NO", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Zosia", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Zosia-compact", lang: "pl-PL", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Luciana", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Luciana-compact", lang: "pt-BR", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Joana", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Joana-compact", lang: "pt-PT", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Ioana", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Ioana-compact", lang: "ro-RO", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Milena", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Milena-compact", lang: "ru-RU", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Laura", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Laura-compact", lang: "sk-SK", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Alva", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Alva-compact", lang: "sv-SE", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Kanya", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Kanya-compact", lang: "th-TH", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Yelda", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Yelda-compact", lang: "tr-TR", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Ting-Ting", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Ting-Ting-compact", lang: "zh-CN", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Sin-Ji", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Sin-Ji-compact", lang: "zh-HK", localService: true, "default": true },
  { name: "Mei-Jia", voiceURI: "com.apple.ttsbundle.Mei-Jia-compact", lang: "zh-TW", localService: true, "default": true }
];

我为我的桌面，Android和iOS网站实现了JS功能。

据我了解，对于移动设备，语音话语受常规电话设置的调节，因此用户需要转到TTS设置并为指定语言选择首选语音，并可能下载好语音。例如，iOS Alex语音关闭到800mb，并且可以离线工作。您可以在供应商网站上找到特定 Android 或 iOS 版本的受支持语言列表。

所以最后我们有：

首先，我们需要有功能来检查它是否是移动的：

检测移动浏览器

window.mobilecheck = function() {
    var check = false;
    (function(a){if(/(android|bbd+|meego).+mobile|avantgo|bada/|blackberry|blazer|compal|elaine|fennec|hiptop|iemobile|ip(hone|od)|iris|kindle|lge |maemo|midp|mmp|mobile.+firefox|netfront|opera m(ob|in)i|palm( os)?|phone|p(ixi|re)/|plucker|pocket|psp|series(4|6)0|symbian|treo|up.(browser|link)|vodafone|wap|windows ce|xda|xiino/i.test(a)||/1207|6310|6590|3gso|4thp|50[1-6]i|770s|802s|a wa|abac|ac(er|oo|s-)|ai(ko|rn)|al(av|ca|co)|amoi|an(ex|ny|yw)|aptu|ar(ch|go)|as(te|us)|attw|au(di|-m|r |s )|avan|be(ck|ll|nq)|bi(lb|rd)|bl(ac|az)|br(e|v)w|bumb|bw-(n|u)|c55/|capi|ccwa|cdm-|cell|chtm|cldc|cmd-|co(mp|nd)|craw|da(it|ll|ng)|dbte|dc-s|devi|dica|dmob|do(c|p)o|ds(12|-d)|el(49|ai)|em(l2|ul)|er(ic|k0)|esl8|ez([4-7]0|os|wa|ze)|fetc|fly(-|_)|g1 u|g560|gene|gf-5|g-mo|go(.w|od)|gr(ad|un)|haie|hcit|hd-(m|p|t)|hei-|hi(pt|ta)|hp( i|ip)|hs-c|ht(c(-| |_|a|g|p|s|t)|tp)|hu(aw|tc)|i-(20|go|ma)|i230|iac( |-|/)|ibro|idea|ig01|ikom|im1k|inno|ipaq|iris|ja(t|v)a|jbro|jemu|jigs|kddi|keji|kgt( |/)|klon|kpt |kwc-|kyo(c|k)|le(no|xi)|lg( g|/(k|l|u)|50|54|-[a-w])|libw|lynx|m1-w|m3ga|m50/|ma(te|ui|xo)|mc(01|21|ca)|m-cr|me(rc|ri)|mi(o8|oa|ts)|mmef|mo(01|02|bi|de|do|t(-| |o|v)|zz)|mt(50|p1|v )|mwbp|mywa|n10[0-2]|n20[2-3]|n30(0|2)|n50(0|2|5)|n7(0(0|1)|10)|ne((c|m)-|on|tf|wf|wg|wt)|nok(6|i)|nzph|o2im|op(ti|wv)|oran|owg1|p800|pan(a|d|t)|pdxg|pg(13|-([1-8]|c))|phil|pire|pl(ay|uc)|pn-2|po(ck|rt|se)|prox|psio|pt-g|qa-a|qc(07|12|21|32|60|-[2-7]|i-)|qtek|r380|r600|raks|rim9|ro(ve|zo)|s55/|sa(ge|ma|mm|ms|ny|va)|sc(01|h-|oo|p-)|sdk/|se(c(-|0|1)|47|mc|nd|ri)|sgh-|shar|sie(-|m)|sk-0|sl(45|id)|sm(al|ar|b3|it|t5)|so(ft|ny)|sp(01|h-|v-|v )|sy(01|mb)|t2(18|50)|t6(00|10|18)|ta(gt|lk)|tcl-|tdg-|tel(i|m)|tim-|t-mo|to(pl|sh)|ts(70|m-|m3|m5)|tx-9|up(.b|g1|si)|utst|v400|v750|veri|vi(rg|te)|vk(40|5[0-3]|-v)|vm40|voda|vulc|vx(52|53|60|61|70|80|81|83|85|98)|w3c(-| )|webc|whit|wi(g |nc|nw)|wmlb|wonu|x700|yas-|your|zeto|zte-/i.test(a.substr(0,4)))check = true})(navigator.userAgent||navigator.vendor||window.opera);
    return check;
};

其次，初始化部分，一段 Angular 代码，你可以在项目中更改，所以我有 SpeechSynthesisService（$log、$q、$cookies、$timeout、commonService）和以下代码：

    var languagesEnglish = {
        'en-US' : {desc: 'English (United States)', voices: []},
        'en-GB' : {desc: 'English (United Kingdom)', voices: []}
    };
    // 'ru_RU' android codes
    var languagesRussian = {
        'ru-RU' : {desc: 'Russian', voices: []}
    };
    var speakerEng = {lang: 'en-US', desc: 'English (United States)', voice: null};
    var speakerRu = {lang: 'ru-RU', desc: 'Russian', voice: null};
    var englishSpeakers = [];
    if ('speechSynthesis' in window) {
        if (window.mobilecheck()) {
            englishSpeakers = prepareEnglishSpeakers();
            initVoicesJob.resolve();
        }
        window.speechSynthesis.onvoiceschanged = function() {
            if (initVoicesJob.promise.$$state.status) return;
            $log.debug(currentTime() + " InitVoice: onvoiceschanged");
            desktopInitializeVoices();
            englishSpeakers = prepareEnglishSpeakers();
            initVoicesJob.resolve();
        };
    }

因此，在应用程序中，我有活动扬声器Eng和活动扬声器Ru，对于移动版本，语音数组为空。

第三，当我想在应用程序中说出任何文本时，我调用以下函数：

    function sayAnyText(speaker, voiceVolume, text) {
        if (isNotSupportSpeechSynthesis()) {
            var tJob = $q.defer();
            $timeout(function() {
                tJob.resolve();
            });
            return tJob.promise;
        }
        var phrases = [];
        if (text.constructor === Array) {
            for (var ti = 0, tn = text.length; ti<tn; ti++) {
                var iPhrases = splitToPhrase(text[ti]);
                // concat arrays, fast method: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4156101/javascript-push-array-values-into-another-array
                for (var pi = 0, pn = iPhrases.length; pi<pn; pi++) {
                    phrases.push(iPhrases[pi]);
                }
            }
        } else {
            phrases = splitToPhrase(text);
        }
        speechSynthesis.cancel();
        stopSpeechJob();
        startSpeechJob();
        for (var i = 0, n = phrases.length; i < n; i++) {
            var msg = new SpeechSynthesisUtterance();
            msg.lang = speaker.lang;
            if (speaker.voice) msg.voice = speaker.voice;
            msg.rate = 1;
            msg.volume = voiceVolume;
            msg.text = phrases[i];
            if (i + 1 == n) {
                msg.onend = function(event) {
                    $log.debug(currentTime() + "Speech ends: ", event.currentTarget.text, event);
                    stopSpeechJob();
                };
                msg.onerror = function(event) {
                    $log.error(currentTime() + "Speech ends with error: ", event.currentTarget.text, event);
                    stopSpeechJob();
                };
            } else {
                msg.onend = function(event) {
                    $log.debug(currentTime() + "Speech ends: ", event.currentTarget.text, event);
                };
                msg.onerror = function(event) {
                    $log.error(currentTime() + "Speech ends with error: ", event.currentTarget.text, event);
                };
            }
            speechSynthesis.speak(msg);
        }
        return getSpeechJob();
    }

主要内容如下： 

msg.lang = speaker.lang;
if (speaker.voice) msg.voice = speaker.voice;

1.我们总是设定语言2.桌面版扬声器有声音，移动版没有。

附言我测试了它，它适用于iOS9（iPhone 6），Android 5.0.1（三星Galaxy 4）和桌面Chrome 48.0。如果您有任何问题或需要更多代码，请随时询问。

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