使用 Django 更改 API POST 请求的 JSON 数据结构

Question

我有一个具有这种结构的 Django REST API 端点，我需要将其发布到外部 API：

{
"body": [
"...",
"...",
"...",
],
"title": [
"...",
"...",
"...",
],
"id": [
"...",
"...",
"...",
]
}

"正文"下的第一项与"标题"和"id"下的第一项相同，依此类推。

我遇到的问题是有问题的 API 需要具有以下结构的 JSON 数据：

{
"texts": [
{
"body": "...",
"title": "...",
"id": "..."
},
{
"body": "...",
"title": "...",
"id": "..."
},
{
"body": "...",
"title": "...",
"id": "..."
},
],
"language": "EN",
}

而且我无法弄清楚我的端点如何镜像该结构，将bodies、titles和ids组合在一起，这些分组嵌套在texts下，并在末尾附加language参数。

我在views.py中使用的序列化程序如下所示：

class MyReasonsSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
body = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
title = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
id = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
def get_body(self, obj):
return obj.reasons.order_by('transaction_date').values_list('body', flat=True)
def get_title(self, obj):
return obj.reasons.order_by('transaction_date').values_list('title', flat=True)
def get_id(self, obj):
return obj.reasons.order_by('transaction_date').values_list('transaction_date', flat=True)
class ReasonsData(RetrieveAPIView):
queryset = Market.objects.all().prefetch_related('reasons')
authentication_classes = []
permission_classes = []
serializer_class = MyReasonsSerializer

提前感谢您的任何建议！

编辑：

以下是模型：

class Market(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=50, default="")
current_price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2, default=0.50)
description = models.TextField(default="")
...
language = models.CharField(max_length=2, default="EN")
def __str__(self):
return self.title[:50]
class Reason(models.Model):
user_id = models.ForeignKey('users.CustomUser',
on_delete=models.CASCADE,
related_name='user_reasons',
default=None)
market = models.ForeignKey(
Market,
on_delete=models.CASCADE,
related_name='reasons',
default=None)
...
valence = models.CharField(max_length=11, default="")
title = models.TextField(default="")
body = models.TextField(default="")
def __str__(self):
return str(self.title)

Answer 1

我会这样构建它... (如果不看模型并尝试一下，很难确切知道(

class ReasonSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Reason
fields = ("id", "body", "title")
class MarketSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
texts = ReasonSerializer(many=True, source="reasons")
language = serializers.CharField()
class Meta:
model = Market
class ReasonsData(RetrieveAPIView):
queryset = Market.objects.all()
authentication_classes = []
permission_classes = []
serializer_class = MarketSerializer
def get_queryset(self):
qs = super().get_queryset()
# filter queryset by valence if passed as a query param
# ?valence=something
valence = self.request.query_params.get("valence", None)
if valence is not None:
qs = qs.filter(reasons__valence=valence)
return qs