Anible主机别名不起作用

Question

我试图将我的主机列表文件从IP地址重命名为别名，但由于某种原因，当我运行我的剧本时，我收到了以下错误。

致命：[测试]：失败！=>｛"changed"：false，"failed"：true，"msg"："无法打开shell。请参阅：https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/network_debug_troubleshooting.html#unable-打开shell"，"rc"：255｝

这里是主机文件中的别名示例。

test ansible_ssh_host=192.168.1.1

我使用ansible版本2.3.0

以下是调试的输出。在调试中，我将主机命名为BWS_DRUN_1921

14580 1503500046.84187:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/cache/mermory.py加载缓存模块"内存"14580 1503500046.94408:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/default.py加载回调模块"default"从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist packages/ansible/plugins/callback/init.pyc加载stdout、v2.0默认类型的回调插件14580 1503500046.94541:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/actionable.py加载回调模块"可操作"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500046.94585:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/context_demo.py加载回调模块"context_demo"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500046.94625:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/debug.py加载回调模块"debug"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500046.94649:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/default.py加载回调模块"default"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500046.94723:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/dense.py加载回调模块'dense'(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.01864:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/foreman.py加载回调模块"foreman"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02089:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/hipchat.py加载回调模块"hipchat"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02131:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/jabber.py加载回调模块"jabber"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02154:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/json.py加载回调模块"json"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02200:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/junit.py加载回调模块"junit"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02226:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/log_plays.py加载回调模块"log_plays"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02269:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/logentes.py加载回调模块"logentries"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02306:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/logstash.py加载回调模块"logstash"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02411:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/mail.py加载回调模块"mail"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02439:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/minimal.py加载回调模块"minimal"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02462:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/online.py加载回调模块"oneline"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02487:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/osx_say.py加载回调模块"osx_say"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02516:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/profile_tasks.py加载回调模块"profile_tasks"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02545:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/selective.py加载回调模块"选择性"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02567:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/skippy.py加载回调模块"skippy"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02609:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/slack.py加载回调模块"slack"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02703:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/syslog_json.py加载回调模块"syslog_json"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02895:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/timer.py加载回调模块"timer"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)14580 1503500047.02940:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/callback/tree.py加载回调模块"树"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)

PLAYBOOK:test.yml************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************1在test.yml中播放14580 1503500047.02996:在VariableManager get_vars()中14580 1503500047.03297:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/core.py加载FilterModule"core"14580 1503500047.04542:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/ipaddr.py加载筛选器模块"ipaddr"14580 1503500047.04632:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/json_query.py加载筛选器模块"json_query"14580 1503500047.04659:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/mathstuff.py加载FilterModule"mathstuff"14580 1503500047.04687:从/home/khibiny/filter_plugins/split.py加载过滤器模块"split"14580 1503500047.04847:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/test/core.py加载测试模块"core"14580 1503500047.04872:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/test/files.py加载测试模块"文件"14580 1503500047.04892:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/test/mathstuff.py加载测试模块"mathstuff"14580 1503500047.05376:使用get_vars()完成14580 1503500047.05509:在VariableManager get_vars()中14580 1503500047.05558:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/core.py加载FilterModule"core"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14580 1503500047.05572：从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/ipaddr.py加载筛选器模块"ipaddr"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14580 1503500047.05584:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/json_query.py加载筛选器模块"json_query"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14580 1503500047.05597:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/mathstuff.py加载FilterModule"mathstuff"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14580 1503500047.05610:正在从/home/khibiny/filter_plugins/split.py加载筛选器模块"split"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14580 1503500047.05637:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/test/core.py加载测试模块"core"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14580 1503500047.05650:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/test/files.py加载测试模块"files"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14580 1503500047.05662:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/test/mathstuff.py加载测试模块"mathstuff"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14580 1503500047.05749：使用get_vars()完成

PLAY[区域交换机事实核查]*******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************14580 1503500047.06815:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/strategy/linear.py加载策略模块"linear"14580 1503500047.07030:获取此循环的剩余主机14580 1503500047.07052:完成为该循环获取剩余主机14580 1503500047.07065:为主机构建下一个任务的列表14580 1503500047.07076:获取主机BWS_DRUN1921的下一个任务14580 1503500047.07090:完成主机BWS_DRUN_11921的下一个任务14580 1503500047.07104:^任务是：task:meta(flush_handlers)14580 1503500047.07117:^状态为：主机状态：块=1，任务=1，救援=0，始终=0，运行状态=ITERATING_TASKS，失败状态=FAILED_NONE，挂起设置=False，任务子状态？(无)，拯救儿童国家？(无)，总是儿童状态？(无)，救援了吗？错，是从任务开始的吗？错误14580 1503500047.07129:已完成的建筑任务列表14580 1503500047.07139:计数每个执行状态下的任务14580 1503500047.07151:在每个执行状态下完成计数任务：num_setups:0num_tasks:1num_rescue:0num_alway:014580 1503500047.07163:ITERATING_TASKS中的前进主机14580 1503500047.07174:开始推进主机14580 1503500047.07186:获取主机BWS_DRUN1921的下一个任务14580 1503500047.07199:完成主机BWS_DRUN_11921的下一个任务14580 1503500047.07211:^任务是：task:meta(flush_handlers)14580 1503500047.07223:^状态为：主机状态：块=1，任务=1，救援=0，始终=0，运行状态=ITERATING_TASKS，失败状态=FAILED_NONE，挂起设置=False，任务子状态？(无)，拯救儿童国家？(无)，总是儿童状态？(无)，救援了吗？错，是从任务开始的吗？错误14580 1503500047.07234:已完成将主机推进到下一个任务META：已运行处理程序14580 1503500047.07681：完成了排队，现在等待结果队列耗尽14580 1503500047.07695:结果队列为空14580 1503500047.07705：检查是否存在any_errors_catal14580 1503500047.07719:已完成对any_errors_catal的检查14580 1503500047.07729:检查最大失败百分比14580 1503500047.07740：已完成最大失败百分比的检查14580 1503500047.07751:检查是否所有主机都出现故障，运行结果不正常14580 1503500047.07761:已完成检查以查看是否所有主机都失败14580 1503500047.07772:获取此循环的剩余主机14580 1503500047.07798:完成为该循环获取剩余主机14580 1503500047.07812:为主机构建下一个任务的列表14580 1503500047.07823:获取主机BWS_DRUN1921的下一个任务14580 1503500047.07837:完成主机BWS_DRUN_11921的下一个任务14580 1503500047.07850:^任务是：任务：收集IOS事实14580 1503500047.07861:^状态为：主机状态：块=2，任务=1，救援=0，始终=0，运行状态=ITERATING_TASKS，失败状态=FAILED_NONE，挂起设置=False，任务子状态？(无)，拯救儿童国家？(无)，总是儿童状态？(无)，救援了吗？错，是从任务开始的吗？错误14580 1503500047.07873：已完成的建筑任务列表14580 1503500047.07884：计数每个执行状态下的任务14580 1503500047.07896:在每个执行状态下完成计数任务：num_setups:0num_tasks:1num_rescue:0num_alway:014580 1503500047.07908：ITERATING_TASKS中的高级主机14580 1503500047.07918：开始推进主机14580 1503500047.07929:获取主机BWS_DRUN1921的下一个任务14580 1503500047.07942:完成了为主机BWS_DRUN1921获取下一个任务14580 1503500047.07954:^任务是：任务：收集IOS事实14580 1503500047.07965:^状态为：主机状态：块=2，任务=1，救援=0，始终=0，运行状态=ITERATING_TASKS，失败状态=FAILED_NONE，挂起设置=False，任务子状态？(无)，拯救儿童国家？(无)，总是儿童状态？(无)，救援了吗？错，是从任务开始的吗？错误14580 1503500047.07976：完成将主机推进到下一个任务14580 1503500047.07993:获取变量14580 1503500047.08003:在VariableManager get_vars()中14580 1503500047.08056:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/core.py加载FilterModule"core"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14580 1503500047.08070:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/ipaddr.py加载筛选器模块"ipaddr"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14580 1503500047.08082:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/json_query.py加载筛选器模块"json_query"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14580 1503500047.08095:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/mathstuff.py加载FilterModule"mathstuff"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14580 1503500047.08109:正在从/home/khibiny/filter_plugins/split.py加载筛选器模块"split"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14580 1503500047.08138:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/test/core.py加载测试模块'core'(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14580 1503500047.08150:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/test/files.py加载测试模块"files"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14580 1503500047.08162:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/test/mathstuff.py加载测试模块"mathstuff"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14580 1503500047.08266:使用get_vars()完成14580 1503500047.08293:完成变量获取14580 1503500047.08305:发送任务开始回调，复制任务以便我们临时模板14580 1503500047.08317:复制完成，现在转到模板14580 1503500047.08330：完成模板制作14580 1503500047.08340：回调到了。。。

任务[收集IOS事实]*******************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************任务路径：/home/khibin/test.yml:1714580 1503500047.08377：发送任务启动回调14580 1503500047.08388:为BWS_DRUN_192/ios_facts输入_queue_task()14580 1503500047.08400:正在为ios_facts创建锁14580 1503500047.08559:工人为1人(共1人可用)14580 1503500047.08693:正在退出BWS_DRUN_192/ios_facts的_queue_task()14580 1503500047.08724：完成了排队，现在等待结果队列耗尽14580 1503500047.08738：正在等待待定结果。。。14587 1503500047.09159:为BWS_DRUN_1921/TASK:收集IOS事实运行TaskExecutor()14587 1503500047.09252:运行中()-任务bcaec527-b1b5-ad9c-5f4c-00000000002314587 1503500047.09329：呼叫自我_execute()14587 1503500047.09660:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/core.py加载FilterModule"core"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.09692:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/ipaddr.py加载筛选器模块"ipaddr"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.09710:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/json_query.py加载筛选器模块"json_query"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.09727:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/mathstuff.py加载FilterModule"mathstuff"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.09743：从/home/khibiny/filter_plugins/split.py加载筛选器模块"split"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.09794:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/test/core.py加载测试模块"core"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.09813:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/test/files.py加载测试模块"files"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.09830:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/test/mathstuff.py加载测试模块"mathstuff"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.10181:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/core.py加载FilterModule"core"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.10218:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/ipaddr.py加载筛选器模块"ipaddr"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.10242:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/json_query.py加载筛选器模块"json_query"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.10263:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/filter/mathstuff.py加载FilterModule"mathstuff"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.10287:正在从/home/khibiny/filter_plugins/split.py加载筛选器模块"split"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.10330:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/test/core.py加载测试模块'core'(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.10353:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/test/files.py加载测试模块"files"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.10376:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/test/mathstuff.py加载测试模块"mathstuff"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.10959:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/Connection/local.py加载连接"local"14587 1503500047.11068:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/shell/csh.py加载ShellModule"csh"14587 1503500047.11136:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/shell/fish.py加载ShellModule"fish"14587 1503500047.11210:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/shell/powershell.py加载ShellModule"powershell"14587 1503500047.11252:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/shell/sh.py加载ShellModule"sh"14587 1503500047.11301:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/shell/sh.py加载ShellModule"sh"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.11508:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/action/ios.py加载ActionModule"ios"14587 1503500047.11543:启动尝试循环14587 1503500047.11564:运行处理程序使用连接插件networkcli14587 1503500047.11750:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/Connection/persistent.py加载连接"persistent"14587 1503500047.11803:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/shell/csh.py加载ShellModule"csh"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.11826:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/shell/fish.py加载ShellModule'fish'(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.11851:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/shell/powershell.py加载ShellModule"powershell"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.11872：从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/shell/sh.py加载ShellModule"sh"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.11895:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/shell/sh.py加载ShellModule"sh"(found_in_cache=True，class_only=False)14587 1503500047.12006:从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/Connection/ssh.py加载连接"ssh"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)套接字路径：/home/khibin/.ansible/pc/5343f0d88dopen_shell()返回255 14588 1503500047.84893:正在从/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/plugins/Connection/ssh.py加载连接"ssh"(found_in_cache=False，class_only=True)无法连接到控制插座14587 1503500077.91105:处理程序运行完成14587 1503500077.91124：尝试循环完成，返回结果14587 1503500077.91138:_execute()已完成14587 1503500077.91150：将结果转储到json14587 1503500077.91164:已完成转储结果，返回14587 1503500077.91181:已完成对BWS_DRUN_1921/TASK:收集IOS事实的TaskExecutor()[bcaec527-b1b5-ad9c-5f4c-000000000023]14587 1503500077.91201:发送任务bcaec527-b1b5-ad9c-5f4c-000000000023的任务结果14587 1503500077.91239:已完成任务bcaec527-b1b5-ad9c-5f4c-000000000023的任务结果发送14587 1503500077.91269:工作进程退出14580 1503500077.91394:将BWS_DRUN_11921标记为失败14580 1503500077.91440:标记主机BWS_DRUN1921失败，当前状态：主机状态：块=2，任务=1，救援=0，始终=0，run_state=ITERATING_TASKS，fail_state=failed_NONE，pending_setup=False，任务子状态？(无)，拯救儿童国家？(无)，总是儿童状态？(无)，救援了吗？错，是从任务开始的吗？错误14580 1503500077.91464:^失败状态现在是：主机状态：块=2，任务=1，救援=0，始终=0，运行状态=ITERATING_COMPLETE，失败状态=failed_TASKS，挂起设置=False，任务子状态？(无)，拯救儿童国家？(无)，总是儿童状态？(无)，救援了吗？错，是从任务开始的吗？错误14580 1503500077.91485:获取主机BWS_DRUN1921的下一个任务14580 1503500077.91503:主机BWS_DRUN_11921迭代完成，返回致命：[BWS_DRUN_1921]：失败！=>{"changed"：false，"失败"：true，"msg"："无法打开外壳。请参阅："https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/network_debug_troubleshooting.html#unable-打开外壳"，"rc"：255}14580 1503500077.91545:没有更多悬而未决的结果，返回我们所拥有的14580 1503500077.91558:结果队列为空14580 1503500077.91568:检查any_errors_catal14580 1503500077.91581:已完成对any_errors_catal的检查14580 1503500077.91591:检查最大失败百分比14580 1503500077.91603:已完成最大失败百分比的检查14580 1503500077.91613：检查是否所有主机都出现故障，运行结果不正常14580 1503500077.91623:已完成检查以查看是否所有主机都失败14580 1503500077.91634:获取此循环的剩余主机14580 1503500077.91648:完成了为该循环获取剩余主机的操作14580 1503500077.91661:为主机构建下一个任务的列表14580 1503500077.91672：获取主机BWS_DRUN1921的下一个任务14580 1503500077.91684:主机BWS_DRUN_11921迭代完成，返回14580 1503500077.91694:已完成的建筑任务列表14580 1503500077.91705：计数每个执行状态下的任务14580 1503500077.91716：在每个执行状态下完成计数任务：num_setups:0num_tasks:0num_rescue:0num_alway:014580 1503500077.91728:所有主机都已完成，因此对所有主机返回None14580 1503500077.91740：完成了排队，现在等待结果队列耗尽14580 1503500077.91750:结果队列为空14580 1503500077.91760：检查是否存在任何_errors_catal14580 1503500077.91771:已完成对any_errors_catal的检查14580 1503500077.91795:检查最大失败百分比14580 1503500077.91809:已完成最大失败百分比的检查14580 1503500077.91823：检查是否所有主机都出现故障，运行结果不正常14580 1503500077.91837:已完成检查以查看是否所有主机都失败14580 1503500077.91855:获取主机BWS_DRUN1921的下一个任务14580 1503500077.91871:主机BWS_DRUN_11921迭代完成，返回14580 1503500077.91886：运行处理程序

Answer 1

ansible_ssh_host在2.0中已弃用。请改用ansible_host。

http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/intro_inventory.html#hosts-和分组