如何使用GTK，python和glade制作一个单窗口程序?

Question

我想编写一个有一个主窗口的程序，如果我单击一个按钮，它会更改窗口的内容(或类似的东西(，用户可以在此之后返回"主页"。 我在 Ubuntu 19.04 上使用 python3、gtk3 和 glade。

下面是 example.glade XML 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- Generated with glade 3.22.1 -->
<interface>
<requires lib="gtk+" version="3.20"/>
<object class="GtkApplicationWindow" id="main">
<property name="can_focus">False</property>
<child>
<placeholder/>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="button">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
</child>
</object>
</interface>

这是 Python3 文件

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import gi
import os
os.chdir('/home/sources')
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk
class app:
def __init__(self):
self.gladefile = 'example.glade'
self.builder = Gtk.Builder()
self.builder.add_from_file(self.gladefile)
self.builder.connect_signals(self)
self.window = self.builder.get_object('main')
elf.window = self.builder.get_object('button')
self.window.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main = app()
Gtk.main()

我想在按下按钮时将窗口(但在同一窗口中(更改为此

窗口

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- Generated with glade 3.22.1 -->
<interface>
<requires lib="gtk+" version="3.20"/>
<object class="GtkApplicationWindow" id="main">
<property name="can_focus">False</property>
<child>
<placeholder/>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkNotebook" id="notebook">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="but1">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
</child>
<child type="tab">
<object class="GtkLabel">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">False</property>
<property name="label" translatable="yes">page 1</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="tab_fill">False</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="but2">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="position">1</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child type="tab">
<object class="GtkLabel">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">False</property>
<property name="label" translatable="yes">page 2</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="position">1</property>
<property name="tab_fill">False</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="but3">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="position">2</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child type="tab">
<object class="GtkLabel">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">False</property>
<property name="label" translatable="yes">page 3</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="position">2</property>
<property name="tab_fill">False</property>
</packing>
</child>
</object>
</child>
</object>
</interface>

Answer 1

以下是使用 Gtk.Stack 的可能解决方案

空地文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- Generated with glade 3.22.1 -->
<interface>
<requires lib="gtk+" version="3.20"/>
<object class="GtkImage" id="image1">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">False</property>
<property name="stock">gtk-go-back</property>
</object>
<object class="GtkWindow" id="window">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">False</property>
<property name="title" translatable="yes">window</property>
<property name="window_position">center</property>
<property name="default_width">500</property>
<property name="default_height">400</property>
<signal name="destroy" handler="on_window_destroy" swapped="no"/>
<child>
<placeholder/>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkStack" id="stack">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">False</property>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="home_button">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">Notebook page</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
<signal name="clicked" handler="button_clicked" swapped="no"/>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="name">page0</property>
<property name="title" translatable="yes">page0</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkBox" id="notebook_box">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">False</property>
<property name="orientation">vertical</property>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">Home</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
<property name="image">image1</property>
<property name="always_show_image">True</property>
<signal name="clicked" handler="home_clicked" swapped="no"/>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="expand">False</property>
<property name="fill">True</property>
<property name="position">0</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkNotebook" id="notebook">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="but1">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
</child>
<child type="tab">
<object class="GtkLabel">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">False</property>
<property name="label" translatable="yes">page 1</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="tab_fill">False</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="but2">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="position">1</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child type="tab">
<object class="GtkLabel">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">False</property>
<property name="label" translatable="yes">page 2</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="position">1</property>
<property name="tab_fill">False</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkButton" id="but3">
<property name="label" translatable="yes">button</property>
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">True</property>
<property name="receives_default">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="position">2</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child type="tab">
<object class="GtkLabel">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="can_focus">False</property>
<property name="label" translatable="yes">page 3</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="position">2</property>
<property name="tab_fill">False</property>
</packing>
</child>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="expand">True</property>
<property name="fill">True</property>
<property name="position">1</property>
</packing>
</child>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="name">page1</property>
<property name="title" translatable="yes">page1</property>
<property name="position">1</property>
</packing>
</child>
</object>
</child>
</object>
</interface>

蟒蛇文件：

#!/usr/bin/env python
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk

UI_FILE = "file.glade"
class GUI:
def __init__(self):
self.builder = Gtk.Builder()
self.builder.add_from_file(UI_FILE)
self.builder.connect_signals(self)
window = self.builder.get_object('window')
window.show_all()
def on_window_destroy(self, window):
Gtk.main_quit()
def home_clicked (self, button):
stack = self.builder.get_object('stack')
home_button = self.builder.get_object('home_button')
stack.set_visible_child(home_button)
def button_clicked (self, button):
stack = self.builder.get_object('stack')
notebook_box = self.builder.get_object('notebook_box')
stack.set_visible_child(notebook_box)
app = GUI()
Gtk.main()