定义可能在Coq中的Monad



我想使用COQ中的类型类定义Monad。 Monad继承Functor

我想证明Some (f x') = fmap f (Some x'),这是单一法律之一。我使用了computereflexivitydestruct option_functor,但无法证明这一点。我无法适当简化fmap

Class Functor (F: Type -> Type) := {
   fmap : forall {A B}, (A -> B) -> (F A -> F B)
 ; homo_id : forall {A} (x : F A), x = fmap (fun x' => x') x
 ; homo_comp : forall {A B C} (f : A -> B) (g : B -> C) (x : F A),
     fmap (fun x' => g (f x')) x = fmap g (fmap f x)
}.
Class Monad (M: Type -> Type) := {
   functor :> Functor M
 ; unit : forall {A}, A -> M A
 ; join : forall {A}, M (M A) -> M A
 ; unit_nat : forall {A B} (f : A -> B) (x : A), unit (f x) = fmap f (unit x)
 ; join_nat : forall {A B} (f : A -> B) (x : M (M A)), join (fmap (fmap f) x) = fmap f (join x)
 ; identity : forall {A} (x : M A), join (unit x) = x / x = join (fmap unit x)
 ; associativity : forall {A} (x : M (M (M A))), join (join x) = join (fmap join x)
}.
Instance option_functor : Functor option := {
   fmap A B f x :=
     match x with
     | None => None
     | Some x' => Some (f x')
     end
}.
Proof.
  intros. destruct x; reflexivity.
  intros. destruct x; reflexivity.
Qed.
Instance option_monad : Monad option := {
   unit A x := Some x
 ; join A x :=
     match x with
     | Some (Some x') => Some x'
     | _ => None
     end
}.
Proof.
  Admitted.

您的问题源于您用Qed而不是Defined结束option_function的定义。

使用Qed,您以某种方式"隐藏" fmap的内部。然后,您再也无法展开其定义(例如使用unfoldsimpl策略)。使用Defined代替Qed让您告诉COQ您打算使用fmap后者的定义,因此应展开。

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