c语言 - 如何重写程序,这样我就不必调用"flex",而只需调用"bison"和"cc"?



我已经有一个基于bison和flex的计算器程序,它从命令行参数中获取输入。

现在如何重写程序,这样我就不必调用flex,而只需在构建过程中调用bisoncc?(实现类似于 https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/499190/where-is-the-official-documentation-debian-package-iproute-doc#comment919875_499225 的东西(。

$ ./fb1-5 '1+3'
= 4

制作文件:

fb1-5:  fb1-5.l fb1-5.y
    bison -d fb1-5.y
    flex fb1-5.l
    cc -o $@ fb1-5.tab.c lex.yy.c -lfl

FB1-5.Y

/* simplest version of calculator */
%{
#  include <stdio.h>
%}
/* declare tokens */
%token NUMBER
%token ADD SUB MUL DIV ABS
%token OP CP
%%
calclist: /* nothing */
 | calclist exp { printf("= %dn> ", $2); }
 ;
exp: factor
 | exp ADD exp { $$ = $1 + $3; }
 | exp SUB factor { $$ = $1 - $3; }
 | exp ABS factor { $$ = $1 | $3; }
 ;
factor: term
 | factor MUL term { $$ = $1 * $3; }
 | factor DIV term { $$ = $1 / $3; }
 ;
term: NUMBER
 | ABS term { $$ = $2 >= 0? $2 : - $2; }
 | OP exp CP { $$ = $2; }
 ;
%%
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
  // printf("> ");
  if(argc > 1) {
    if(argv[1]){
      yy_scan_string(argv[1]);
    }
  }
  yyparse();
  return 0;
}
yyerror(char *s)
{
  fprintf(stderr, "error: %sn", s);
}

FB1-5.L:

/* recognize tokens for the calculator and print them out */
%{
# include "fb1-5.tab.h"
%}
%%
"+" { return ADD; }
"-" { return SUB; }
"*" { return MUL; }
"/" { return DIV; }
"|"     { return ABS; }
"("     { return OP; }
")"     { return CP; }
[0-9]+  { yylval = atoi(yytext); return NUMBER; }
"//".*  
[ t]   { /* ignore white space */ }
.   { yyerror("Mystery character %cn", *yytext); }
%%

更新:

我尝试遵循回复中的建议,请参阅下面的修改代码。 在main()中,为什么在printf("argv[%d]: %s ", n, argv[n])之前调用yyerror()?不是yyerror()只被yyparse()调用,也不是yyparse只在main() main() printf("argv[%d]: %s ", n, argv[n])之后调用。

$ ./fb1-5  2*4
2*4error: �
= 8

fb1-5.y

/* simplest version of calculator */
%{
#  include <stdio.h>
  FILE * fin;
  int yylex (void);
  void yyerror(char *s);  
  %}
/* declare tokens */
%token NUMBER
%token ADD SUB MUL DIV ABS
%token OP CP
%%
calclist: /* nothing */
 | calclist exp { printf("= %dn", $2); }
 ;
exp: factor
 | exp ADD exp { $$ = $1 + $3; }
 | exp SUB factor { $$ = $1 - $3; }
 | exp ABS factor { $$ = $1 | $3; }
 ;
factor: term
 | factor MUL term { $$ = $1 * $3; }
 | factor DIV term { $$ = $1 / $3; }
 ;
term: NUMBER
 | ABS term { $$ = $2 >= 0? $2 : - $2; }
 | OP exp CP { $$ = $2; }
 ;
%%


/* The lexical analyzer returns a double floating point
   number on the stack and the token NUM, or the numeric code
   of the character read if not a number.  It skips all blanks
   and tabs, and returns 0 for end-of-input.  */
#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>
int yylex (void)
{
  char c;
/* Skip white space.  */
  while ((c = getc(fin)) == ' ' || c == 't'){
    continue;
  }
  // printf("%s", &c);
  /* Process numbers.  */
  if (c == '.' || isdigit (c))
    {
      ungetc(c, fin);
      fscanf (fin, "%d", &yylval);
      return NUMBER;
    }
  /* Process addition.  */
  if (c == '+')
    {
      return ADD;
    }
  /* Process sub.  */
  if (c == '-')
    {
      return SUB;
    }
  /* Process mult.  */
  if (c == '*')
    {
      return MUL;
    }
  /* Process division.  */
  if (c == '/')
    {
      return DIV;
    }
  /* Process absolute.  */
  if (c == '|')
    {
      return ABS;
    }
   /* Process left paren.  */
   if (c == '(')
    {
      return OP;
    }
  /* Process right paren.  */
  if (c == ')')
    {
      return CP;
    }
  /* Return a single char.  */
  yyerror(&c);
  return c;
}

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
  // evaluate each command line arg as an arithmetic expression
  int n=1;
  while (n < argc) {
    if(argv[n]){
      // yy_scan_string(argv[n]);
      // fin = stdin;
      fin = fmemopen(argv[n], strlen (argv[n]), "r");
      printf("%s ",argv[n]);
      fflush(stdout);
      yyparse();
    }
    n++;
  }
  return 0;
}
void yyerror(char *s)
{
  fprintf(stderr, "error: %sn", s);
}

野牛手册的示例部分中有一个词法扫描器的基本实现。(稍不那么基本的版本在手册的后面。

这不会直接帮助您,因为它基于 fscanf ,这意味着它适用于输入流。大多数 C 库都包含允许您将字符串视为FILE*的函数(例如,请参阅 Posix 标准 fmemopen(。如果做不到这一点,你将不得不用基于字符串的替代方案替换getc和scanf调用,这意味着你需要在某处跟踪缓冲区和输入指针。 strtoul(或strtod(将证明是有用的,因为第二个参数可以帮助您跟踪数字使用了多少字符串。

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