无法模拟RESTTEMPLATE.EXCHANGE

Question

作为TDD的一部分，我希望能够测试我的Springboot Rest应用程序的每个部分。但是我无法模拟外部呼叫。

应用结构
1.很少有内部调用外部休息端点的休息端点。
2.对外部端点的所有调用均通过本地HTTP客户端进行编排，该端将RESTTEMPLATE用作HTTPCLEINT。

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)  
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = WebEnvironment.MOCK, classes = TestDrivenDevelopmentWithJavaApplication.class)  
public class TestDrivenDevelopmentWithJavaApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@MockBean
private RestTemplate client;
@Before
public void setup() throws Exception {
    mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext).build();
    Structure1Root category = new Structure1Root();
    Category cat = new Category();
    cat.setCategoryName("Test1");
    cat.setDescription("Test");
    category.setD(cat);
    Mockito.when(client.exchange(
            ArgumentMatchers.eq("https://services.odata.org/V2/Northwind/Northwind.svc/Products(1)?$format=json"),
            ArgumentMatchers.eq(HttpMethod.GET), ArgumentMatchers.eq(null),
            ArgumentMatchers.eq(Structure1Root.class)))
            .thenReturn(new ResponseEntity<Structure1Root>(category, HttpStatus.OK));
}
@Test
public void testendpoint1() throws Exception {
    mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/api/endpoint1?token=1").contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
            .andExpect(content().string(org.hamcrest.Matchers.containsString("Test1")));
}

}

即使我已经在client.exchange上设置了模拟(RESTTEMPLATE.EXCHANGE(，但我看到client.exchange返回的响应是null，而不是thenReturn

中指定的响应

控制器代码

@RestController
@RequestMapping(path = Endpoint.base)
public class Endpoint {
    public static final String base = "/api";
    @Autowired
    MyHttpClient<Structure2Root> client;
    @Autowired
    MyHttpClient<Structure1Root> Cclient;
    @GetMapping(path = "/endpoint1")
    public ResponseEntity<Structure2Root> callEndpt1(@RequestParam String token) {
        Response<Structure2Root> resp = client
                .execute("https://services.odata.org/V2/Northwind/Northwind.svc/Products(1)?$format=json", Structure2Root.class);
        return new ResponseEntity<Structure2Root>(resp.getResponse(), HttpStatus.OK);
    }
    @GetMapping(path = "/endpoint2")
    public ResponseEntity<Structure1Root> callEndpt2(@RequestParam String token) {
        Response<Structure1Root> resp = Cclient.execute(
                "https://services.odata.org/V2/Northwind/Northwind.svc/Categories(1)?$format=json", Structure1Root.class);
        return new ResponseEntity<Structure1Root>(resp.getResponse(),HttpStatus.OK);
    }
}

最后，本地HTTP客户端代码

@Service
public class MyHttpClient<O> {
    @Autowired
    RestTemplate client;
    public MyHttpClient() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    public Response<O> execute(String url, Class<O> generic) {
        ResponseEntity<O> resp = client.exchange(url, HttpMethod.GET, null, generic);
        return new Response<O>(resp.getStatusCode(), resp.getBody());
    }
}

这个client.execute是我打算在第一个代码块中拦截的

然而，似乎永远不会起作用，并且总是返回零。git repo

问候，
Veera

Answer 1

您在模拟时使用了错误的对象。您应该使用structure2root而不是结构1root

正确的测试类在下面正常工作。

package com.demo.samples.tdd;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;
import com.demo.samples.tdd.responses.Product;
import com.demo.samples.tdd.responses.Structure2Root;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import com.demo.samples.tdd.responses.Category;
import com.demo.samples.tdd.responses.Structure1Root;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = WebEnvironment.MOCK, classes = TestDrivenDevelopmentWithJavaApplication.class)
public class TestDrivenDevelopmentWithJavaApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;
    private MockMvc mockMvc;
    @MockBean
    private RestTemplate client;
    @Before
    public void setup() throws Exception {
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext).build();
//      Structure1Root category = new Structure1Root();
//      Category cat = new Category();
//      cat.setCategoryName("Test1");
//      cat.setDescription("Test");
//      category.setD(cat);
//
//      Mockito.when(client.exchange(
//              ArgumentMatchers.eq("https://services.odata.org/V2/Northwind/Northwind.svc/Products(1)?$format=json"),
//              ArgumentMatchers.eq(HttpMethod.GET), ArgumentMatchers.eq(null),
//              ArgumentMatchers.eq(Structure1Root.class)))
//              .thenReturn(new ResponseEntity<Structure1Root>(category, HttpStatus.OK));

        Structure2Root category2 = new Structure2Root();
        Product product = new Product();
        product.setProductName("Test1");
        product.setUnitPrice("1");
        category2.setD(product);
        Mockito.when(client.exchange(
                ArgumentMatchers.eq("https://services.odata.org/V2/Northwind/Northwind.svc/Products(1)?$format=json"),
                ArgumentMatchers.eq(HttpMethod.GET), ArgumentMatchers.eq(null),
                ArgumentMatchers.eq(Structure2Root.class)))
                .thenReturn(new ResponseEntity<Structure2Root>(category2, HttpStatus.OK));

    }
    @Test
    public void testendpoint1() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/api/endpoint1?token=1").contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                .andExpect(content().string(org.hamcrest.Matchers.containsString("Test1")));
    }
}