我知道ROT13有无数种方法,Python甚至有一个内置函数,但我真的想了解如何修改我编写的代码。当我在编辑器中测试它时,它运行良好(保留空白、标点符号和大小写(,但在我的网页中不起作用。有人告诉我,我只是把字符打印出来,而不是把它们复制到结果字符串中。我已经玩了好几个小时了,但还没有弄清楚如何操作它来包含return语句。
如果这是一个愚蠢的问题,我很抱歉——我是一个新手:(非常感谢任何帮助。
dictionary = {'a':'n', 'b':'o', 'c':'p',
'd':'q', 'e':'r', 'f':'s',
'g':'t','h':'u','i':'v',
'j':'w', 'k':'x','l':'y',
'm':'z','n':'a','o':'b',
'p':'c','q':'d','r':'e',
's':'f','t':'g','u':'h',
'v':'i', 'w':'j','x':'k',
'y':'l','z':'m'}
def rot(xy):
for c in xy:
if c.islower():
print dictionary.get(c),
if c.isupper():
c = c.lower()
result = dictionary.get(c)
print result.capitalize(),
if c not in dictionary:
print c,
return rot
正如您自己写的,您正在打印结果。打印到标准输出在web应用程序中不起作用,因为它们通常使用协议(unix套接字等(将数据通信回web服务器进程(或者使用基于Python的web服务器,如Twisted,在这种情况下,标准输出将进入启动进程的控制台(。
因此,在编写时,您需要再次修改函数,以便返回值,而不是打印。有无数种方法可以做到这一点,最简单的方法是用StringIO
对象替换标准输出:
from StringIO import StringIO
def rot(xy):
rot = StringIO()
for c in xy:
if c.islower():
print >>rot, dictionary.get(c),
if c.isupper():
c = c.lower()
result = dictionary.get(c)
print >>rot, result.capitalize(),
if c not in dictionary:
print >>rot, c,
return rot.getvalue()
一种更基本的方法是将输出存储在一个列表中:
def rot(xy):
rot = []
for c in xy:
if c.islower():
rot.append(dictionary.get(c))
if c.isupper():
c = c.lower()
result = dictionary.get(c)
rot.append(result.capitalize())
if c not in dictionary:
rot.append(c)
return ''.join(rot)
dictionary = {'a':'n', 'b':'o', 'c':'p',
'd':'q', 'e':'r', 'f':'s',
'g':'t','h':'u','i':'v',
'j':'w', 'k':'x','l':'y',
'm':'z','n':'a','o':'b',
'p':'c','q':'d','r':'e',
's':'f','t':'g','u':'h',
'v':'i', 'w':'j','x':'k',
'y':'l','z':'m'}
def rot(xy):
rot13 = ''
for c in xy:
if c.islower():
rot13 += dictionary.get(c)
if c.isupper():
c = c.lower()
rot13 += dictionary.get(c).capitalize()
if c not in dictionary:
rot13 += c
print "ROTTED: ", rot13
return rot13
你只是打印出值,而不是构建rot。事实上,你是在返回函数本身,这根本不对。
#!/usr/bin/env python
import string
# Create alpha using 'string.ascii_uppercase' and 'string.ascii_lowercase' methods.
# Create rotated 13 using list/array positioning
# Create translation table using string.maketrans()
# Use translation table using string.translate()
# Get the alpha
alphaUpper=string.ascii_uppercase
rotatedUpper=alphaUpper[-13:] + alphaUpper[:-13]
alphaLower=string.ascii_lowercase
rotatedLower=alphaLower[-13:] + alphaLower[:-13]
combinedOriginal=alphaLower + alphaUpper
combinedRotated=rotatedLower + rotatedUpper
print combinedOriginal
print combinedRotated
translation_table = string.maketrans( combinedOriginal, combinedRotated )
message="This is the original message."
print message.translate(translation_table)
print message.translate(translation_table).translate(translation_table)
运行脚本将产生:
$ ./rot.py
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
nopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmNOPQRSTUVWXYZABCDEFGHIJKLM
Guvf vf gur bevtvany zrffntr.
This is the original message.
alphabets = ['a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n','o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z']
c_alphabets = []
for i in alphabets:
c_alphabets.append(i.capitalize())
def rot13(s):
out_string=''
for i in s:
if i in alphabets:
j = alphabets[(alphabets.index(i) + 13) % 26]
out_string += j
elif i in c_alphabets:
j = c_alphabets[(c_alphabets.index(i) + 13) % 26]
out_string += j
else:
out_string += i
return out_string