找出给定和的数字列表的所有组合



我有一个数字列表,例如

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 7, 7, 9, 10]

正如你所看到的,数字可能会在这个列表中出现不止一次。

我需要得到这些数字的所有组合,它们有一个给定的和,例如10

组合中的项目可以不重复,但numbers中的每个项目都必须被唯一对待,这意味着例如列表中的两个7代表具有相同值的不同项目。

顺序不重要,因此[1, 9][9, 1]是相同的组合。

组合没有长度限制,[10][1, 2, 7]一样有效。

如何创建符合上述标准的所有组合的列表

在本例中,它将是[[1,2,7], [1,2,7], [1,9], [3,7], [3,7], [10]]

您可以使用itertools来迭代所有可能大小的组合,并过滤掉所有总和不为10:的内容

import itertools
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 7, 7, 9, 10]
target = 10
result = [seq for i in range(len(numbers), 0, -1)
          for seq in itertools.combinations(numbers, i)
          if sum(seq) == target]
print(result)

结果:

[(1, 2, 7), (1, 2, 7), (1, 9), (3, 7), (3, 7), (10,)]

不幸的是,这有点像O(2^N)的复杂性,所以它不适合大于20个元素的输入列表。

kgoodrick提供的解决方案很棒,但我认为它作为生成器更有用:

def subset_sum(numbers, target, partial=[], partial_sum=0):
    if partial_sum == target:
        yield partial
    if partial_sum >= target:
        return
    for i, n in enumerate(numbers):
        remaining = numbers[i + 1:]
        yield from subset_sum(remaining, target, partial + [n], partial_sum + n)

输出:

print(list(subset_sum([1, 2, 3, 7, 7, 9, 10], 10)))
# [[1, 2, 7], [1, 2, 7], [1, 9], [3, 7], [3, 7], [10]]

这个问题以前被问过,请参阅@msalvadores的答案。我更新了在python3:中运行的python代码

def subset_sum(numbers, target, partial=[]):
    s = sum(partial)
    # check if the partial sum is equals to target
    if s == target:
        print("sum(%s)=%s" % (partial, target))
    if s >= target:
        return  # if we reach the number why bother to continue
    for i in range(len(numbers)):
        n = numbers[i]
        remaining = numbers[i + 1:]
        subset_sum(remaining, target, partial + [n])

if __name__ == "__main__":
    subset_sum([3, 3, 9, 8, 4, 5, 7, 10], 15)
    # Outputs:
    # sum([3, 8, 4])=15
    # sum([3, 5, 7])=15
    # sum([8, 7])=15
    # sum([5, 10])=15

@qasimalbaqali

这可能不是帖子想要的,但如果你想:

查找一系列数字的所有组合[lst],其中每个lst包含N个元素,其总和为K:使用此:

# Python3 program to find all pairs in a list of integers with given sum  
from itertools import combinations 
def findPairs(lst, K, N): 
    return [pair for pair in combinations(lst, N) if sum(pair) == K] 
#monthly cost range; unique numbers
lst = list(range(10, 30))
#sum of annual revenue per machine/customer
K = 200
#number of months (12 - 9 = num months free)
N = 9
print('Possible monthly subscription costs that still equate to $200 per year:')
#print(findPairs(lst, K, N)) 
findPairs(lst,K,N)

结果:

Possible monthly subscription costs that still equate to $200 per year:
Out[27]:
[(10, 11, 20, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29),
 (10, 11, 21, 23, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29),
 (10, 11, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29),

这背后的想法/问题是"如果我们免费提供x个月,并且仍然达到收入目标,我们每月可以收取多少费用"。

这很有效。。。

from itertools import combinations

def SumTheList(thelist, target):
    arr = []
    p = []    
    if len(thelist) > 0:
        for r in range(0,len(thelist)+1):        
            arr += list(combinations(thelist, r))
        for item in arr:        
            if sum(item) == target:
                p.append(item)
    return p

追加:包括零

import random as rd
def combine(soma, menor, maior):
    """All combinations of 'n' sticks and '3' plus sinals.
    seq = [menor, menor+1, ..., maior]
    menor = min(seq); maior = max(seq)"""
    lista = []
    while len(set(lista)) < 286: # This number is defined by the combination
                                 # of (sum + #summands - 1, #summands - 1) -> choose(13, 3)     
        zero = rd.randint(menor, maior)
        if zero == soma and (zero, 0, 0, 0) not in lista:
            lista.append((zero, 0, 0, 0))
        else:
            # You can add more summands!
            um = rd.randint(0, soma - zero)
            dois = rd.randint(0, soma - zero - um)
            tres = rd.randint(0, soma - zero - um - dois)

            if (zero + um + dois + tres  == soma and
             (zero, um, dois, tres) not in lista):
                lista.append((zero, um, dois, tres))
    return sorted(lista)
>>> result_sum = 10
>>> combine(result_sum, 0, 10)

输出

[(0,0,0,10), (0,0,1,9), (0,0,2,8), (0,0,3,7), ...,
(9,1,0,0), (10,0,0,0)]

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