我正在尝试了解如何在Laravel 5.2中使用"胖模型,瘦控制器"。基本上,我基本上理解为什么,什么,但不理解如何。我在谷歌上搜索了一段时间,发现了几个页面描述了为什么(还有一些页面描述了不为什么)和什么,但没有一个页面可以让人很容易地理解如何用瘦控制器创建胖模型。
我创建了一个非常基本的Todo列表,没有登录或验证,只有最基本的Todo-note功能。这个应用程序基本上使用"瘦模型,胖控制器",我想重写这个应用程序,让它使用"胖模型,瘦控制器"。
MySQL数据库中有三个表:
- 用户
- id int(10)
- uname varchar(255)
- 电子邮件varchar(255)
- 密码varchar(60)
- 项目
- id int(10)
- pname varchar(255)
- 注释
- id int(10)
- user_id int(10)
- project_id int(10)
- 内容文本
- 时间创建的时间戳
- time_deadline时间戳
- 已完成tinyint(1)
- 拆下的锡(1)
当我为表创建迁移时,我将$table->foreign('user_id')->references('id')->on('users');
和$table->foreign('project_id')->references('id')->on('projects');
用于notes表迁移。由于某种原因,它不起作用,所以在数据库中notes.user_id
和notes.project_id
不是users.id
和projects.id
的外键,这是从一开始的想法。我猜这对我下面的问题来说并不重要,但如果重要,请有人告诉我,这样我就可以试着解决这个问题。
我有以下型号(文档块已删除)
app\User.php:
<?php
namespace App;
use IlluminateFoundationAuthUser as Authenticatable;
class User extends Authenticatable
{
protected $fillable = [
'name', 'email', 'password',
];
protected $hidden = [
'password', 'remember_token',
];
public function notes()
{
return $this->hasMany(Note::class);
}
}
app\Project.php:
<?php
namespace App;
use IlluminateDatabaseEloquentModel;
class Project extends Model
{
public function notes()
{
return $this->hasMany(Note::class);
}
}
app\Note.php:
<?php
namespace App;
use IlluminateDatabaseEloquentModel;
class Note extends Model
{
public function user()
{
return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
}
public function project()
{
return $this->belongsTo(Project::class);
}
}
我有以下控制器(文档块已删除)
app\Http\Controllers\UserController.php:
<?php
namespace AppHttpControllers;
use IlluminateHttpRequest;
use AppHttpRequests;
use AppHttpControllersController;
use AppUser;
use Response;
class UserController extends Controller
{
public function index()
{
try {
$statusCode = 200;
$users = User::orderBy('uname', 'asc')->get()->toArray();
$response = [];
foreach ($users as $user) {
$this_row = array(
'id' => $user['id'],
'name' => $user['uname'],
);
$response[] = $this_row;
}
} catch (Exception $e) {
$statusCode = 400;
} finally {
return Response::json($response, $statusCode);
}
}
}
app\Http\Controllers\ProjectController.php:
<?php
namespace AppHttpControllers;
use IlluminateHttpRequest;
use AppHttpRequests;
use AppHttpControllersController;
use AppProject;
use Response;
class ProjectController extends Controller
{
public function index()
{
try {
$statusCode = 200;
$projects = Project::orderBy('pname', 'asc')->get()->toArray();
$response = [];
foreach ($projects as $project) {
$this_row = array(
'id' => $project['id'],
'name' => $project['pname'],
);
$response[] = $this_row;
}
} catch (Exception $e) {
$statusCode = 400;
} finally {
return Response::json($response, $statusCode);
}
}
}
app\Http\Controllers\NoteController.php:
<?php
namespace AppHttpControllers;
use IlluminateHttpRequest;
use AppHttpRequests;
use AppHttpControllersController;
use AppNote;
use AppUser;
use AppProject;
use Input;
use Response;
use Redirect;
class NoteController extends Controller
{
public function index()
{
try {
$statusCode = 200;
$notes = Note::where('removed', 0)
->orderBy('time_created', 'asc')->get()->toArray();
$response = [];
foreach ($notes as $note) {
$user = User::find($note['user_id']); // Username for note
$project = Project::find($note['project_id']); // Project name
$this_row = array(
'id' => $note['id'],
'user' => $user['uname'],
'project' => $project['pname'],
'content' => $note['content'],
'completed' => $note['completed'],
'created' => $note['time_created'],
'deadline' => $note['time_deadline']
);
$response[] = $this_row;
}
} catch (Exception $e) {
$statusCode = 400;
} finally {
return Response::json($response, $statusCode);
}
}
public function destroy(Request $request)
{
try {
$statusCode = 200;
$note = Note::find($request->id);
$note->removed = 1;
$note->save();
} catch (Exception $e) {
$statusCode = 400;
} finally {
return $statusCode;
}
}
public function edit($request)
{
try {
$statusCode = 200;
$note = Note::find($request);
$response = array(
'id' => $note['id'],
'content' => $note['content'],
'completed' => $note['completed'],
'deadline' => $note['time_deadline']
);
} catch (Exception $e) {
$statusCode = 400;
} finally {
return Response::json($response, $statusCode);
}
}
public function update(Request $request)
{
try {
$statusCode = 200;
$note = Note::find($request->id);
$note->content = $request->content;
$note->time_deadline = $request->deadline;
if ($request->completed == "true") {
$note->completed = 1;
} else {
$note->completed = 0;
}
$note->save();
} catch (Exception $e) {
$statusCode = 400;
} finally {
return $statusCode;
}
}
public function store(Request $request)
{
try {
$statusCode = 200;
$note = new Note;
$note->user_id = $request->user;
$note->project_id = $request->project;
$note->content = $request->content;
$note->time_deadline = $request->deadline;
$note->save();
} catch (Exception $e) {
$statusCode = 400;
} finally {
return $statusCode;
}
}
}
最后,这是我的app/Http/routes.php(注释已删除)
<?php
Route::get('/', function () {
return view('index');
});
Route::get('/notes', 'NoteController@index');
Route::get('/notes/{id}', 'NoteController@edit');
Route::delete('/notes', 'NoteController@destroy');
Route::put('/notes', 'NoteController@store');
Route::post('/notes', 'NoteController@update');
Route::get('/projects', 'ProjectController@index');
Route::get('/users', 'UserController@index');
Route::group(['middleware' => ['web']], function () {
//
});
完整的代码可以在我的GitHub上找到。
我使用Angular来接收控制器发送的JSON。这对我当前的页面来说很好,但正如你所看到的,我的控制器有很多逻辑,我想把它们转移到模型中。我不明白我是怎么做到的,所以我的问题是:
- 我应该创建哪些附加文件
- 它们应该在哪里
- 除了控制器中当前的逻辑之外,我在这些文件中需要什么
- 我应该如何重写控制器来处理来自模型的数据
您的瘦控制器可能如下,其作用与您所做的相同:
<?php
namespace AppHttpControllers;
use IlluminateHttpRequest;
use AppHttpRequests;
use AppHttpControllersController;
use AppProject;
class ProjectController extends Controller
{
public function index()
{
$projects = Project::orderBy('pname', 'asc')->get(['id', 'name']);
return response()->make($projects);
}
}
但正如Fabio提到的,如果你想更进一步,请签出存储库。这是一篇好文章:https://bosnadev.com/2015/03/07/using-repository-pattern-in-laravel-5/
在大多数情况下,我将存储库封装到服务中以创建业务逻辑控制器只处理路由,而模型仅包含关系或赋值函数和访问函数。但它可能因开发方法而异。
此外,不要在foreach循环中进行数据库查询,利用Eloquent的优势,例如:
$notes = Note::where('removed', 0)
->with(['user', 'project'])
->orderBy('time_created', 'asc')->get();
你可以访问,像这样:
foreach($notes as $note)
{
echo $note->user->uname;
}