"ASCII"编解码器无法解码位置的字节0xef

Question

我在这行遇到了这个讨厌的错误：

    r += 'n<Placemark><name>'+row[3].encode('utf-8','xmlcharrefreplace')+'</name>' 
         'n<description>'+desc.encode('utf-8','xmlcharrefreplace')+'</description>n' 
         '<Point><coordinates>'+row[clat].encode('utf-8','xmlcharrefreplace')+
         ','+row[clongitude].encode('utf-8','xmlcharrefreplace')+'</coordinates></Point>n' 
         '<address>'+row[4].encode('utf-8','xmlcharrefreplace')+'</address>n' 
         '<styleUrl>'+row[cstyleID].encode('utf-8','xmlcharrefreplace')+'</styleUrl>n' 
         '</Placemark>'    

这是错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#38>", line 1, in <module>
    doStuff()
  File "C:Python27workGenerateKML.py", line 5, in doStuff
    createFiles('together.csv')
  File "C:Python27workGenerateKML.py", line 55, in createFiles
    '<styleUrl>'+row[cstyleID].encode('utf-8','xmlcharrefreplace')+'</styleUrl>n' 
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xef in position 60: ordinal not in range(128)

我做错了什么？

谢谢你的帮助。

这是完整的来源：

import hashlib
import csv
def doStuff():
  createFiles('together.csv')
def readFile(fileName):
  a=open(fileName)
  fileContents=a.read()
  a.close()
  return fileContents
def readCSVFile(fileName):
  return list(csv.reader(open(fileName, 'rb'), delimiter=',', quotechar='"'))
def GetDistinctValues(theFile, theColumn):
    with open(theFile, "rb") as fp:
        reader = csv.reader(fp)
        return list(set(line[theColumn] for line in reader))
def createFiles(inputFile):
  cNAME=3
  clat=0
  clongitude=1
  caddress1=4
  caddress2=5
  cplace=6
  ccity=7
  cstate=8
  czip=9
  cphone=10
  cwebsite=11
  cstyleID=18
  inputFileText=readCSVFile(inputFile)
  headerFile = readFile('header.txt')
  footerFile = readFile('footer.txt')
  r=headerFile
  DISTINCTCOLUMN=12
  dValues = GetDistinctValues(inputFile,DISTINCTCOLUMN)
  counter=0
  for uniqueValue in dValues:
    counter+=1
    print uniqueValue
    theHash=hashlib.sha224(uniqueValue).hexdigest()
    for row in inputFileText:
      if uniqueValue==row[DISTINCTCOLUMN]:
        for eachElement in row:
          eachElement=eachElement.replace('&','&')            
        desc = ' '.join(row[3:])
        r += 'n<Placemark><name>'+row[3].encode('utf-8','xmlcharrefreplace')+'</name>' 
             'n<description>'+desc.encode('utf-8','xmlcharrefreplace')+'</description>n' 
             '<Point><coordinates>'+row[clat].encode('utf-8','xmlcharrefreplace')+
             ','+row[clongitude].encode('utf-8','xmlcharrefreplace')+'</coordinates></Point>n' 
             '<address>'+row[4].encode('utf-8','xmlcharrefreplace')+'</address>n' 
             '<styleUrl>'+row[cstyleID].encode('utf-8','xmlcharrefreplace')+'</styleUrl>n' 
             '</Placemark>'      
    r += footerFile
    f = open(theHash+'.kml','w')
    f.write(r)
    f.close()
    r=headerFile

Answer 1

您可能正在尝试对字节进行编码。在这种情况下，Python首先使用默认编码（ASCII）对字节进行解码，然后使用您提供的编码对结果Unicode字符串进行编码。

解决方案是：不要对字节进行编码，即只对Unicode字符串使用encode()。在你的情况下，根本不要使用它。

要创建有效的XML文档，可以使用XML.etree.ElementTree模块。