DJANGO REST框架使用嵌套序列化器发布数据两个模型

Question

我一直在使用django rest框架创建API。在此API中，有两种型号Question和Option。Question是Option中的Foreign Key。我一直在尝试以单个形式获取所有字段，并将数据添加到相应的模型中。
对于一个问题，选项可以与表格中提供的任务一样多。我尝试为已经存在的问题创建选项(即。我想到，在提问时，需要在数据库中添加选项。

models.py

class Question(models.Model):
    body = RichTextField()

class Option(models.Model):
    question = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=CASCADE)
    number = models.IntegerField()
    option = RichTextField()
    is_correct = models.SmallIntegerField()

serializers.py

class QuestionSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Questions
        fields = ('id', 'body', 'explanation')

class QuestionReadSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    question = QuestionSerializers()
    class Meta:
        model = Options
        fields = ('question', 'number', 'option', 'is_correct')

class QuestionWriteSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    question = QuestionSerializers()
    class Meta:
        model = Options
        fields = ('question', 'number', 'option', 'is_correct')
    @transaction.atomic
    def create(self, validated_data):
        question_data = validated_data.pop('question')
        question = Questions.objects.update_or_create(**question_data)
        option = Options.objects.update_or_create(question=question[0], **validated_data)
        return option[0]

views.py

class QuestionViewset(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Options.objects.all()
    def get_serializer_class(self):
        if self.request.method == 'POST':
            return QuestionWriteSerializers
        return QuestionReadSerializers

我正在使用选项模型为特定问题创建新的选项，如果问题是新的，则将创建新问题。但这不是最好的方法。任何帮助都将被应用。

Answer 1

您可以覆盖问题视图的创建，以在有效负载中提供的选项上工作。另外，IMO您实际上并不需要两组序列化。带有建议的最终代码应该看起来像：

---

models.py

class Question(models.Model):
    body = RichTextField()

class Option(models.Model):
    question = models.ForeignKey(Question, related_name='options', on_delete=CASCADE)
    number = models.IntegerField()
    option = RichTextField()
    is_correct = models.SmallIntegerField()

---

serializers.py

class QuestionSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Questions
        fields = ('id', 'body', 'explanation')

class OptionSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    question = QuestionSerializer()
    class Meta:
        model = Options
        fields = ('question', 'number', 'option', 'is_correct')

---

views.py

class QuestionViewset(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    serializer_class = QuestionSerializer
    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        options = request.data.pop("options", [])
        _question = super(QuestionViewset, self).create(request, *args, **kwargs)
        for option in options:
            option["question"] = _question.id
            serializer = OptionSerializer(data=option)
            # I would recommend to delete the added question + options 
            # in case is_valid returns False, depends on your req.
            assert serializer.is_valid()
            serializer.save()
        return _question