没有使用Mockito注入依赖项

Question

我正在尝试编写一个嘲讽测试，不幸的是出现了问题。我的课程如下：

我的测试课：

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Nested;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
public class TestClass {
    @Nested
    public class testingPersonClass{
        @InjectMocks
        public Person personOne = new Person("zakzak", 37);
        @Mock
        public  Hobbie hobbie = new Hobbie("Sport");
        @Test
        public void tesOne(){
            System.out.println("personOne "+personOne.toString());
        }
    }
}

类Person：

public class Person {
    String name;
    int age;
    Hobbie hobbie;

    Person(String name, int age){
        this.age=age;
        this.name=name;
    }
   //getters and setters
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return this.name+" "+this.age+" "+ this.hobbie.toString();
    }
}

类Hobbie：

public class Hobbie {
    String hobbie;
    public Hobbie( String hobbie ) {
        this.hobbie = hobbie;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return this.hobbie;
    }
}

我得到了

java.lang.nullpointerexception，

因为hobbie对象尚未注入personOne对象。

我该如何解决？

我的pom依赖性：

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
            <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.23.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.0</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

Answer 1

您应该使用以下选项之一初始化单元测试中的Mockito模拟：

选项1：在@BeforeEach(junit 4中的@Before(中，方法

package stackoverflow;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Nested;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
public class TestClass {
    @Nested
    public class testingPersonClass {
        @InjectMocks
        public Person personOne = new Person("zakzak", 37);
        @Mock
        public Hobbie hobbie = new Hobbie("Sport");

        @BeforeEach
        public void init() {
            MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        }
        @Test
        public void testOne() {
            System.out.println("personOne " + personOne.toString());
        }
    }
}

选项2：用@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)(JUNIT 4中的@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)(注释您的测试类

对于此方法，您必须将以下依赖关系添加到pom.xml：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
    <artifactId>mockito-junit-jupiter</artifactId>
    <version>2.23.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

请注意，我已经评论了init方法。

package stackoverflow;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Nested;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension;
@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
public class TestClass {
    @Nested
    public class testingPersonClass {
        @InjectMocks
        public Person personOne = new Person("zakzak", 37);
        @Mock
        public Hobbie hobbie = new Hobbie("Sport");

/*
        @BeforeEach
        public void init() {
            MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        }
*/
        @Test
        public void testOne() {
            System.out.println("personOne " + personOne.toString());
        }
    }
}

有用的链接

您可以找到这些文章有帮助：

• https://www.baeldung.com/mockito-annotations
• https://www.baeldung.com/mockito-junit-5-extension

Answer 2

尝试一下，它对我有用

您必须将业余爱好设置为Personone以将其联系起来，在您的情况下，爱好和Personone没有链接

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class TestClass {

    @InjectMocks
    public Person personOne = new Person("zakzak", 37);
    @Autowired
    public Hobbie hobbie = new Hobbie("Sport");
    @Test
    public void tesOne(){
        personOne.setHobbie(hobbie);
        System.out.println(personOne.toString());
        Assert.assertEquals("zakzak 37 Sport",personOne.toString() );
    }
}