分而治之数组算法++



我正在尝试实现一个函数,该函数将查看数组的每个元素并确定该特定元素是否大于一个 INT 并且小于另一个 INT。例如:

Return true if Arr[5] is >i && < u

我把它作为一种基本算法,它有效,但我想通过使用"分而治之"方法创建一段更有效的代码,但是我在使用递归来使其计数时遇到了问题,我看到的所有示例只处理一个比较点,而不是两个。 谁能对情况有所了解。 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divide_and_conquer_algorithm)

我的原始代码(线性):

int SimpleSort(int length) 
{ 
int A[] = {25,5,20,10,50}; 
int i = 25; //Less Than int 
u = 2; //Greater Than 
for(int Count = 0; Count < length; Count++) //Counter 
{ 
if (A[Count] <= i && A[Count] >= u) //Checker 
return true; 
} return false;
}

到目前为止,我所学到的示例代码(经过数小时处理各种事情并使用不同的示例代码后没有运气:

int A[] = {5,10,25,30,50,100,200,500,1000,2000};
int i = 10; //Less Than
int u = 5;  //Greater Than

int min = 1;
int max = length;
int mid = (min+max)/2;
if (i < A[mid] && u > A[mid])
{
min = mid + 1;
}
else
{
max = mid - 1;
}
Until i <= A1[mid] && u >= A1[mid])

如果这个问题不清楚,对不起,请问您是否需要我详细说明任何事情。

假设您的输入向量始终是排序的,我认为这样的东西可能对您有用。 这是我能想到的最简单的形式,性能是O(log n):

bool inRange(int lval, int uval, int ar[], size_t n)
{
if (0 == n)
return false;
size_t mid = n/2;
if (ar[mid] >= std::min(lval,uval))
{
if (ar[mid] <= std::max(lval,uval))
return true;
return inRange(lval, uval, ar, mid);
}
return inRange(lval, uval, ar+mid+1, n-mid-1);
}

这使用隐含范围差分;即它总是使用两个值中较低值作为下限,将两个值中较高的值作为上限。如果您的用法要求将lvaluval的输入值视为福音,并且任何调用lval > uval都应返回 false(因为这是不可能的),您可以删除std::min()std::max()扩展。无论哪种情况,您都可以通过制作外置前置器并预先检查lval顺序来进一步提高性能,并uval(a) 如果需要绝对排序并lval > uval,则立即返回为 false,或者 (b) 如果需要范围差异,则以适当的顺序预先确定 lval 和 uval。下面探讨了这两种外包装器的示例:

// search for any ar[i] such that (lval <= ar[i] <= uval)
//  assumes ar[] is sorted, and (lval <= uval).
bool inRange_(int lval, int uval, int ar[], size_t n)
{
if (0 == n)
return false;
size_t mid = n/2;
if (ar[mid] >= lval)
{
if (ar[mid] <= uval)
return true;
return inRange_(lval, uval, ar, mid);
}
return inRange_(lval, uval, ar+mid+1, n-mid-1);
}
// use lval and uval as an hard range of [lval,uval].
//  i.e. short-circuit the impossible case of lower-bound
//  being greater than upper-bound.
bool inRangeAbs(int lval, int uval, int ar[], size_t n)
{
if (lval > uval)
return false;
return inRange_(lval, uval, ar, n);
}
// use lval and uval as un-ordered limits. i.e always use either
// [lval,uval] or [uval,lval], depending on their values.
bool inRange(int lval, int uval, int ar[], size_t n)
{
return inRange_(std::min(lval,uval), std::max(lval,uval), ar, n);
}

我已经离开了我认为你想要的那个inRange.下面执行的单元测试有望涵盖主要和边缘情况以及结果输出。

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iterator>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int A[] = {5,10,25,30,50,100,200,500,1000,2000};
size_t ALen = sizeof(A)/sizeof(A[0]);
srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
// inner boundary tests (should all answer true)
cout << inRange(5, 25, A, ALen) << endl;
cout << inRange(1800, 2000, A, ALen) << endl;
// limit tests (should all answer true)
cout << inRange(0, 5, A, ALen) << endl;
cout << inRange(2000, 3000, A, ALen) << endl;
// midrange tests. (should all answer true)
cout << inRange(26, 31, A, ALen) << endl;
cout << inRange(99, 201, A, ALen) << endl;
cout << inRange(6, 10, A, ALen) << endl;
cout << inRange(501, 1500, A, ALen) << endl;
// identity tests. (should all answer true)
cout << inRange(5, 5, A, ALen) << endl;
cout << inRange(25, 25, A, ALen) << endl;
cout << inRange(100, 100, A, ALen) << endl;
cout << inRange(1000, 1000, A, ALen) << endl;
// test single-element top-and-bottom cases
cout << inRange(0,5,A,1) << endl;
cout << inRange(5,5,A,1) << endl;
// oo-range tests (should all answer false)
cout << inRange(1, 4, A, ALen) << endl;
cout << inRange(2001, 2500, A, ALen) << endl;
cout << inRange(1, 1, A, 0) << endl;
// performance on LARGE arrays.
const size_t N = 2000000;
cout << "Building array of " << N << " random values." << endl;
std::vector<int> bigv;
generate_n(back_inserter(bigv), N, rand);
// sort the array
cout << "Sorting array of " << N << " random values." << endl;
std::sort(bigv.begin(), bigv.end());
cout << "Running " << N << " identity searches..." << endl;
for (int i=1;i<N; i++)
if (!inRange(bigv[i-1],bigv[i],&bigv[0],N))
{
cout << "Error: could not find value in range [" << bigv[i-1] << ',' << bigv[i] << "]" << endl;
break;
};
cout << "Finished" << endl;
return 0;
}

输出结果:

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
Sorting array of 2000000 random values.
Running 2000000 identity searches...
Finished

如果您假设数组要排序,这实际上非常简单。您可以通过始终查看序列的相应左侧或右侧来摆脱对数复杂性:

#include <iterator>
template <typename Limit, typename Iterator>
bool inRange(Limit lowerBound, Limit upperBound, Iterator begin, Iterator end) {
if (begin == end) // no values => no valid values
return false;
Iterator mid = begin;
auto const dist = std::distance(begin,end);
std::advance(mid,dist/2); // mid might be equal to begin, if dist == 1
if (lowerBound < *mid && *mid < upperBound)
return true;
if (dist == 1) // if mid is invalid and there is only mid, there is no value
return false;
if (*mid > upperBound)
return inRange(lowerBound, upperBound, begin, mid);
std::advance(mid,1); // we already know mid is invalid
return inRange(lowerBound, upperBound, mid, end);
}

您可以使用以下命令为纯数组调用此函数:

inRange(2,25,std::begin(A),std::end(A));

据我了解,使用分而治之来解决您的特定问题 不会产生优势。但是,至少在您的示例中,输入是 排序;应该可以通过跳过值来改进一点,直到达到下限。

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