使用PowerMock用@InjectMock嘲笑静态属性

Question

我正在使用PowerMock和Mockito测试弹簧控制器。

我已定义了类TestController（请参见下文，狙击手＃1），并且为其定义了单元测试（请参见下文，狙击手＃2）。但是，当我尝试进行单元测试时，我会得到一个例外（请参见下文，狙击手＃3）。

如果我删除了@injectmocks，请在定义上删除testController实例，然后在测试功能中删除contrancterut = new TestController（），它可以正常工作（请参见下文，Snipper＃4）。

这使我相信在@InjectMocks之前不会发生静态替换，我的问题是，这是事情的工作方式，还是我做错了什么？是否有更好的方法设计代码以避免此问题？我猜想人们使用静态日志分配（我没有发明此分配），因此有人必须在此问题上遇到这个问题...

谢谢！

摘要＃1

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/api/test")
public class TestController {
    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestController.class);
    @Autowired
    private GeneralService generalService;
    @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public void doSomethingUseful(
        HttpServletRequest request,
        HttpServletResponse response) {
    // nothing userful to do right now
    }
}

摘要＃2

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest({TestController.class, LoggerFactory.class})
public class TestControllerTest {
    @InjectMocks
    private TestController controllerUT = new TestController();
    @Mock
    private GeneralService service;
    @Mock
    private Logger loggerMock;
    @Mock
    private HttpServletRequest request;
    @Mock
    private HttpServletResponse response;
    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        PowerMockito.mockStatic(LoggerFactory.class);
        when(LoggerFactory.getLogger(any(Class.class))).
            thenReturn(loggerMock);
    }
    @Test
    public void doSomethingUsefulTest() {
        controllerUT.doSomethingUseful(request, response);
        assert(true);
    }
}

摘要＃3

Failed to auto configure default logger context
Reported exception:
ch.qos.logback.core.joran.spi.JoranException: Parser configuration error occurred
    at ch.qos.logback.core.joran.event.SaxEventRecorder.buildSaxParser(SaxEventRecorder.java:86)
    at ch.qos.logback.core.joran.event.SaxEventRecorder.recordEvents(SaxEventRecorder.java:57)
    at ch.qos.logback.core.joran.GenericConfigurator.doConfigure(GenericConfigurator.java:132)
    at ch.qos.logback.core.joran.GenericConfigurator.doConfigure(GenericConfigurator.java:96)
    at ch.qos.logback.core.joran.GenericConfigurator.doConfigure(GenericConfigurator.java:55)
    at ch.qos.logback.classic.util.ContextInitializer.configureByResource(ContextInitializer.java:75)
    at ch.qos.logback.classic.util.ContextInitializer.autoConfig(ContextInitializer.java:148)
    at org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder.init(StaticLoggerBinder.java:84)
    at org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder.<clinit>(StaticLoggerBinder.java:54)
    at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.bind(LoggerFactory.java:128)
    at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.performInitialization(LoggerFactory.java:108)
    at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getILoggerFactory(LoggerFactory.java:279)
    at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerFactory.java:252)
    at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerFactory.java:265)
    at com.basicservice.controller.TestController.<clinit>(TestController.java:39)
    at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
    at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:169)
    at javassist.runtime.Desc.getClassObject(Desc.java:43)
    at javassist.runtime.Desc.getClassType(Desc.java:152)
    at javassist.runtime.Desc.getType(Desc.java:122)
    at javassist.runtime.Desc.getType(Desc.java:78)
    at com.basicservice.controller.TestControllerTest.<init>(TestControllerTest.java:44)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.createTestInstance(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:188)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.createTest(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:173)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.invokeTestMethod(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:195)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.runMethods(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:148)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$1.run(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:122)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runUnprotected(ClassRoadie.java:34)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runProtected(ClassRoadie.java:44)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.run(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:120)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.run(JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.java:102)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.run(AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.java:53)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner.run(PowerMockRunner.java:42)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: org.apache.xerces.jaxp.SAXParserFactoryImpl cannot be cast to javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory
    at javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory.newInstance(SAXParserFactory.java:128)
    at ch.qos.logback.core.joran.event.SaxEventRecorder.buildSaxParser(SaxEventRecorder.java:79)
    ... 42 more

摘要＃4

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest({TestController.class, LoggerFactory.class})
public class TestControllerTest {
    private TestController controllerUT;
    @Mock
    private GeneralService service;
    @Mock
    private Logger loggerMock;
    @Mock
    private HttpServletRequest request;
    @Mock
    private HttpServletResponse response;
    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        PowerMockito.mockStatic(LoggerFactory.class);
        when(LoggerFactory.getLogger(any(Class.class))).
            thenReturn(loggerMock);
    }
    @Test
    public void doSomethingUsefulTest() {
        controllerUT = new TestController();
        controllerUT.doSomethingUseful(request, response);
        assert(true);
    }
}

Answer 1

需要重新记录的一件事是 @InjectMocks尊重静态和最终字段，即不会在静态或最终字段中注入模拟。另请注意，PowerMock必须产生一个新的class Loader才能"仪器"类，这可能解释了片段＃3。

当我没有探索您的项目的来龙去脉时，我相信如果您想使用PowerMock，您可能需要准备所有的logback/slf4j类。仍然请记住，PowerMock和Mockito是不同的项目，并且可能不会像人们想象的那样一起工作。