我在python世界中是新来的，如果我说一些愚蠢的话，请原谅我...我的脚本有问题，我有一个大量的站点（我将称为this gumat_list.txt），看起来像这样：
1ULM MIDAS4 2003.4497 2019.1075 15.6578 5496 4984 7928 -0.013284 -0.000795
20NA MIDAS4 2008.2355 2017.4511 9.2156 2793 2793 5010 0.031619 0.059160
21NA MIDAS4 2008.2355 2017.4648 9.2293 3287 3287 5891 0.031598 0.059243
25MA MIDAS4 2013.3717 2019.1075 5.7358 2007 1279 1398 -0.010216 0.016478
299C MIDAS4 2003.0308 2007.0856 4.0548 1407 1407 2159 -0.003861 -0.021031
2TRY MIDAS4 2012.0465 2013.6564 1.6099 564 437 437 0.018726 0.054083
一条线的前四个字母是车站的名称（Ex。25mA，299c ...）。我创建了一个带有某些站点的名称的.txt（我将其称为" station_list.txt"），就像这样：
20NA
21NA
2TRY
等...
我要做的是用buge_list.txt的那些行创建一个.txt文件，该文件与station_name.txt中的站点匹配。我可以这样做，但仅适用于站点列表的一项：
with open ("station_name.txt", "r") as p:
item='20NA'
def lines_that_start_with(string, fp):
return [line for line in fp if line.startswith(string)]
with open ("station_line.txt", "w") as l:
with open ("C:huge_list.txt","r")as fp:
for line in lines_that_start_with (item, fp):
print line
l.write (line)
l.close()
如何使其用于我的stity_list的每个项目？
您可以简单地将station_name.txt文件读取到列表中，打开huge_list.txt文件并拆分行，然后查看第一个元素是否在列表中。如果是，请将行写入您的新文件。
stations = [line.rstrip("n") for line in open("station_name.txt")]
l = open("station_line.txt", "w")
with open("huge_list.txt", "r") as fp:
for line in fp.readlines():
if line.split()[0] in stations:
l.write(line)
# Your huge list will be input.txt
# Your station list will be input2.txt
In [3]: inp1 = open('input.txt')
In [4]: inp2 = open('input2.txt')
# if you don't want to hold anything in memory then this will be hacky solution, memory consuption is also less
with open('input') as inp1:
for i in inp1:
if any([i.startswith(j) for j in inp2]): print(i)
# Result
25MA MIDAS4 2013.3717 2019.1075 5.7358 2007 1279 1398 -0.010216 0.016478
299C MIDAS4 2003.0308 2007.0856 4.0548 1407 1407 2159 -0.003861 -0.021031
# if you want to do some kind of work on filtered data it is better to store it in memory
In [5]: inp1 = {i.split(' ',1)[0] :i.split(' ',1)[1] for i in inp1}
# The above lines read your huge file and convert into key-value pair dict
# result will be something like this.
In [6]: inp1
Out[6]:
{'1ULM': 'MIDAS4 2003.4497 2019.1075 15.6578 5496 4984 7928 -0.013284 -0.000795n',
'20NA': 'MIDAS4 2008.2355 2017.4511 9.2156 2793 2793 5010 0.031619 0.059160n',
'21NA': 'MIDAS4 2008.2355 2017.4648 9.2293 3287 3287 5891 0.031598 0.059243n',
'25MA': 'MIDAS4 2013.3717 2019.1075 5.7358 2007 1279 1398 -0.010216 0.016478n',
'299C': 'MIDAS4 2003.0308 2007.0856 4.0548 1407 1407 2159 -0.003861 -0.021031n',
'2TRY': 'MIDAS4 2012.0465 2013.6564 1.6099 564 437 437 0.018726 0.054083'}
# similarly, we are going to do for the station file but slightly a different data structure
In [22]: inp2 = set([i.strip() for i in inp2])
# inp2 will look like
In [23]: inp2
Out[23]: {'25MA', '299C'}
# so to get your result filter the input list based on the station set.
In [24]: res = {k:v for k,v in inp1.items() if k in inp2}
In [25]: res
Out[25]:
{'25MA': 'MIDAS4 2013.3717 2019.1075 5.7358 2007 1279 1398 -0.010216 0.016478n',
'299C': 'MIDAS4 2003.0308 2007.0856 4.0548 1407 1407 2159 -0.003861 -0.021031n'}
# Hope this answer helps you