Excel VBA UDF 在即时窗口中执行，在工作表上失败

Question

UDF "NAV（）"旨在根据第一个参数（始终是日期）在网络驱动器上查找正确的报告，然后遍历所有工作表以查找与第二个参数具有相同行和与第三个参数相同的列的数据（第二个和第三个参数可以是文本或数字）。

在即时窗口中可靠地工作。总是返回 #VALUE！在工作表上使用时，例如 =NAV（D7，D8，D9） 或 =NAV（2/19/2016，"资产净值"，"221-I"）。

一般来说，如果尝试更改 UDF 中的其他单元格，看起来可能会有这种行为，但我的函数不会这样做。另外，我相信所有范围引用都指定了哪个工作簿和工作表，所以我认为这也不是问题所在。我不知道下一步该看哪里。

函数还会尝试在找不到用户要查找的内容时通过 Outlook 通过电子邮件向我发送报表。我不知道这是否相关。

同样，令人困惑的是，此代码似乎在即时窗口中工作正常，但在工作表上使用时只能提供 #VALUE！

我还可以在哪里查看下面的代码来确定是什么会导致 NAV（） 在即时窗口中正常运行，但在工作表上使用时始终产生 #VALUE！

Option Explicit
Function NAV(ByVal NAVDate As Date, ByVal matchRow As Variant, ByVal matchColumn As Variant) As Variant
'Application.ScreenUpdating = False
Application.Volatile True
    NAV = FindItemOnWorksheet(NAVDate, matchRow, matchColumn)
'Application.ScreenUpdating = True
End Function

Function FindItemOnWorksheet(ByVal NAVDate As Date, ByVal ItemSpecies As Variant, ByVal ItemGenus As Variant) As Variant
' Finds Item by opening NAV workbook with correct date, activating correct worksheet, and searching for correct row and column
Dim startingRange As Range
Dim ws As Worksheet
Dim wb As Workbook
Dim theDate As Date
Dim theItemSpecies As String
Dim theItemGenus As String
theDate = NAVDate
theItemSpecies = ItemSpecies
theItemGenus = ItemGenus
Set wb = GetWB(NAVDate)
'Loop through ws
Dim WS_Count As Integer
Dim i As Integer
WS_Count = wb.Worksheets.Count
For i = 1 To WS_Count

    Set ws = wb.Worksheets(i)
    Set startingRange = ws.Range("A1:Z100")
    Dim theRow As Range
    Dim theColumn As Range
    Set theRow = startingRange.Cells.Find(theItemSpecies, SearchDirection:=xlPrevious, lookat:=xlWhole)
    If Not (theRow Is Nothing) Then
        Set theColumn = startingRange.Cells.Find(theItemGenus, SearchDirection:=xlPrevious, lookat:=xlWhole)
        If Not (theColumn Is Nothing) Then
            FindItemOnWorksheet = ws.Cells(theRow.Row, theColumn.Column).Value
            wb.Close
            Exit Function
        End If
   End If
Next i
'Loop if no hit on either row or column Find()
'following executes only if no match found
MsgBox "No Match Found. Make sure you are entering arguments--" & vbNewLine & _
        "       The Date of NAV, " & vbNewLine & _
        "       the entry found in the right row of NAV workbooks (e.g. 'Net Asset Value'), " & vbNewLine & _
        "       the right column (e.g. 'Fund')." & vbNewLine & _
        " This function will only find exact matches." & vbNewLine & vbNewLine & _
        "Now emailing developer to ask for a fix."
Dim OutApp As Object
Dim OutMail As Object
Dim strbody As String
Set OutApp = CreateObject("Outlook.Application")
Set OutMail = OutApp.CreateItem(0)
strbody = "User attempted" & _
                "=FindItemOnWorksheet( " & theDate & ", " & theItemSpecies & ", " & theItemGenus & " )" & vbNewLine & _
                "theDate type " & TypeName(theDate) & vbNewLine & _
                "theItemSpecies type " & TypeName(theItemSpecies) & vbNewLine & _
                "theItemGenus type " & TypeName(theItemGenus)
On Error Resume Next
With OutMail
    .To = <Address Removed>
    .CC = ""
    .BCC = ""
    .Subject = "FindItemOnWorksheet Error"
    .Body = strbody
    '.Attachments.Add ("C:file.xlsx")
    .Send
End With
On Error GoTo 0
Set OutMail = Nothing
Set OutApp = Nothing
FindItemOnWorksheet = "Error"
'wb.Close
Exit Function
End Function

Function GetWB(ByVal NAVDate As Date) As Workbook
'Open requested workbook, return to parent procedure
Dim wbPath As String
Dim wbYear As String
Dim wbMonth As String
Dim wbWeek As String
Dim wbFile As String
Dim wbString As String
Dim wb As Workbook
Dim BackADay As Boolean
Dim OriginalNAVDateRequested As Date
OriginalNAVDateRequested = NAVDate
BackADay = True
'Loop through possible file tree structures and dates to find the closest NAV in the past to the date requested.
Do While BackADay = True
    'Don't go back to a previous week if cannot find current NAV
    If OriginalNAVDateRequested - NAVDate > 4 Then
        BackADay = False
    End If
    wbPath = <Network Path Removed>
    wbYear = CStr(Year(NAVDate)) & ""
    wbMonth = MonthName(Month(NAVDate)) & " " & wbYear
    wbWeek = DateFormat(NAVDate) & ""
    wbFile = Dir(wbPath & wbYear & wbMonth & wbWeek & "*Valuation Package*.xlsx")
    'Pricings with distributions have differing tree structure
    If wbFile = "" Then
        wbWeek = wbWeek & "POST Distribution " & wbWeek
        wbFile = Dir(wbPath & wbYear & wbMonth & wbWeek & "*Valuation Package*.xlsx")
        If wbFile = "" Then
            NAVDate = NAVDate - 1
        Else: BackADay = False
        End If
    Else: BackADay = False
    End If
Loop
wbString = wbPath & wbYear & wbMonth & wbWeek & wbFile
Set wb = Workbooks.Open(wbString, UpdateLinks:=False, ReadOnly:=True)
Set GetWB = wb
End Function
Function DateFormat(ByVal X As Date) As String
'Appends leading zeroes if needed to achieve form "00" for any two digit integer, and converts to string
Dim MM As String
Dim DD As String
Dim YYYY As String
If Month(X) < 10 Then
    MM = "0" & CStr(Month(X))
Else
    MM = CStr(Month(X))
End If
If Day(X) < 10 Then
    DD = "0" & CStr(Day(X))
Else
    DD = CStr(Day(X))
End If
YYYY = CStr(Year(X))
DateFormat = MM & "." & DD & "." & YYYY
End Function

Answer 1

您可以在Worksheet_Change事件中打开工作簿。

为了演示，如果Sheet1!A2 中发生更改，Excel 将尝试使用该单元格值打开工作簿名称，然后将状态输出到 Sheet1!A4 。

在模块中放置以下内容：

Option Explicit
Function TryOpenWB(ByVal oItem As Variant) As Variant
    Dim sOut As String
    Dim oWB As Workbook
    On Error Resume Next
    Set oWB = Workbooks.Open(CStr(oItem))
    If oWB Is Nothing Then
        sOut = "Cannot open """ & CStr(oItem) & """"
    Else
        sOut = "Opened """ & CStr(oItem) & """ successfully."
        'oWB.Close
    End If
    TryOpenWB = sOut
End Function

然后在下面的工作表模块中（我使用 Sheet1 进行演示）：

Option Explicit
Private Sub Worksheet_Change(ByVal Target As Range)
    If Target.Address = Range("A2").Address Then
        Application.EnableEvents = False
        Range("A4").Value = TryOpenWB(Target)
        Application.EnableEvents = True
    End If
End Sub

因此，这个想法是仅在匹配某些单元格地址时才打开工作簿。