apache2和mod-wsgi:Target wsgi脚本不能作为Python模块加载

Question

我正在尝试在apache2和ubuntu上安装mod_wsgi。所以我安装了libapache2 mod wsgi包，我用a2enmod激活了他。

我有一个网站（languageAnalyz），我正试图与mod_wsgi一起使用。当我调用localhost/languageAnalyz时，我得到了一个错误500。

在apache2日志中，我可以看到：

[Sun Aug 25 11:28:21 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] mod_wsgi (pid=4993): Target WSGI script '/var/www/languageAnalyz/test-wsgi.py' cannot be loaded as Python module.
[Sun Aug 25 11:28:21 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] mod_wsgi (pid=4993): SystemExit exception raised by WSGI script '/var/www/languageAnalyz/test-wsgi.py' ignored.
[Sun Aug 25 11:28:21 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Sun Aug 25 11:28:21 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]   File "/var/www/languageAnalyz/test-wsgi.py", line 10, in <module>
[Sun Aug 25 11:28:21 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]     WSGIServer(app).run()
[Sun Aug 25 11:28:21 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/flup/server/fcgi.py", line 112, in run
[Sun Aug 25 11:28:21 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]     sock = self._setupSocket()
[Sun Aug 25 11:28:21 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/flup/server/fcgi_base.py", line 997, in _setupSocket
[Sun Aug 25 11:28:21 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]     req.run()
[Sun Aug 25 11:28:21 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/flup/server/fcgi_base.py", line 572, in run
[Sun Aug 25 11:28:21 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]     self._end(appStatus, protocolStatus)
[Sun Aug 25 11:28:21 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/flup/server/fcgi_base.py", line 601, in _end
[Sun Aug 25 11:28:21 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]     sys.exit(appStatus)
[Sun Aug 25 11:28:21 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] SystemExit: 0

我在谷歌上搜索了这个错误，找到了很多解决方案（大多数时候是Django项目）。我需要创建一个__init__.py文件。我所做的，这是我的__init__.py文件：

__all__ = ['app','get_size_dir','get_nbrf_dir','getStats'] #name of my functions
import index # my three python files
import analyz
import test-wsgi

在__all__列表中，这是三个文件中函数的名称。我只是试图启动test-wsgi.py，但得到了相同的错误500。

这是我的test-wsgi.py文件：

import os,sys
sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(__file__))
from cgi import escape,parse_qs
from flup.server.fcgi import WSGIServer
def app(environ, start_response):
  start_response('200 OK',[('Content-Type','text/plain; charset=utf-8')])
   yield "hello world!"
WSGIServer(app).run()

那怎么了？谢谢你，

编辑：这是我的apache2会议：

WSGIPythonPath /var/www/languageAnalyz
<VirtualHost *:80>
  ...
  <Directory /var/www/languageAnalyz/>
    Options +Indexes ExecCGI FollowSymLinks MultiViews
    AllowOverride None
    Order allow,deny
    Allow from all
    DirectoryIndex index.py
    SetHandler wsgi-script
  </Directory>
  ...
</VirtualHost>

编辑（_B）：所以我试着按照我在django doc上读到的去做。我将我的apache2 conf更改为：

WSGIPythonPath /var/www/languageAnalyz
<VirtualHost *:80>
  ...
   WSGIScriptAlias /IPA /var/www/languageAnalyz/testwsgi.py
    <Directory /var/www/languageAnalyz/>
            Options +Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
            AllowOverride None
            Order allow,deny
            Allow from all
            DirectoryIndex testwsgi.py
    </Directory>
  ...
</VirtualHost>

我重新启动apache2，我得到了同样的错误，而且之前还有一个错误：

[Sun Aug 25 12:47:18 2013] [notice] caught SIGTERM, shutting down
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [notice] FastCGI: wrapper mechanism enabled (wrapper: /usr/lib/apache2/suexec)
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [notice] FastCGI: process manager initialized (pid 7879)
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [notice] mod_python: Creating 8 session mutexes based on 150 max processes and 0 max threads.
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [notice] mod_python: using mutex_directory /tmp
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [warn] mod_wsgi: Compiled for Python/2.7.3.
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [warn] mod_wsgi: Runtime using Python/2.7.4.
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [notice] Apache/2.2.22 (Ubuntu) mod_fastcgi/mod_fastcgi-SNAP-0910052141 PHP/5.4.9-4ubuntu2.2 mod_python/3.3.1 Python/2.7.4 mod_ruby/1.2.6 Ruby/1.8.7(2012-02-08) mod_wsgi/3.4 configured$
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] WSGIServer: missing FastCGI param REQUEST_METHOD required by WSGI!
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] WSGIServer: missing FastCGI param SERVER_NAME required by WSGI!
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] WSGIServer: missing FastCGI param SERVER_PORT required by WSGI!
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] WSGIServer: missing FastCGI param SERVER_PROTOCOL required by WSGI!
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] Status: 200 OKr
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8r
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] r
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] hello world!
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] mod_wsgi (pid=7884): Target WSGI script '/var/www/languageAnalyz/testwsgi.py' cannot be loaded as Python module.
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] mod_wsgi (pid=7884): SystemExit exception raised by WSGI script '/var/www/languageAnalyz/testwsgi.py' ignored.
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]   File "/var/www/languageAnalyz/testwsgi.py", line 10, in <module>
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]     WSGIServer(app).run()
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/flup/server/fcgi.py", line 112, in run
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]     sock = self._setupSocket()
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/flup/server/fcgi_base.py", line 997, in _setupSocket
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]     req.run()
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/flup/server/fcgi_base.py", line 572, in run
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]     self._end(appStatus, protocolStatus)
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/flup/server/fcgi_base.py", line 601, in _end
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]     sys.exit(appStatus)
[Sun Aug 25 12:47:19 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] SystemExit: 0

编辑（_T）：

好的，我刚刚成功地启动了testwsgi.py。我将我的应用程序功能更改为应用程序，并在末尾添加了一些行：

if __name__ == '__main__':
  from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
  server = make_server('localhost', 8080, application)
  server.serve_forever()

我不知道，为什么它起作用，为什么它以前不起作用。。。现在我在打开文件时遇到了一些问题，它们的路径（配置文件或模板文件…）

[Sun Aug 25 13:10:51 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]   File "/var/www/languageAnalyz/analyz.py", line 22, in getStats
[Sun Aug 25 13:10:51 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1]     flangs=open('config/languages.yml')

我试着用绝对路径，它也不起作用。。。

Answer 1

对于初学者来说，您似乎遵循了错误的文档。对于mod_wsgi，请使用：

• https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/howto/deployment/wsgi/modwsgi/

您似乎正在使用FASTCGI部署文档。

此外，你不能做：

import test-wsgi

Python模块名称中不能有"-"。

总之，请重读（或阅读）关于部署的Django文档。

Answer 2

对我来说，问题是wsgi python版本不匹配。我使用的是python 3，所以：

$ sudo apt-get remove libapache2-mod-python libapache2-mod-wsgi
$ sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-wsgi-py3

Answer 3

我在一个不同的文件中遇到了同样的问题，并使文件世界可执行为我解决了这个问题。在将其缩小为您的问题后，您当然希望将其锁定为所需的用户：

chmod a+x test-wsgi.py