安卓 :浓缩咖啡的基本测试

Question

我正在尝试在我的安卓应用程序中添加一个基本的浓缩咖啡测试。我的测试文件(位于androidTest/java文件夹中)是由"记录浓缩咖啡测试"功能生成的，如下所示：

package info.my_xxxx.activities;

import android.support.test.espresso.ViewInteraction;
import android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule;
import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
import android.test.suitebuilder.annotation.LargeTest;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.ViewParent;
import org.hamcrest.Description;
import org.hamcrest.Matcher;
import org.hamcrest.TypeSafeMatcher;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import info.my_xxxx.R;
import static android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.click;
import static android.support.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.isDisplayed;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withText;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.allOf;
@LargeTest
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class AdviceDisplay2 {
@Rule
public IntentsTestRule<SplashActivity> mActivityTestRule = new IntentsTestRule<>(SplashActivity.class);
@Test
public void adviceDisplay2() {
// Added a sleep statement to match the app's execution delay.
// The recommended way to handle such scenarios is to use Espresso idling resources:
// https://google.github.io/android-testing-support-library/docs/espresso/idling-resource/index.html
try {
Thread.sleep(10000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
ViewInteraction appCompatImageView = onView(
allOf(withId(R.id.third_button),
childAtPosition(
allOf(withId(R.id.linear_layout),
childAtPosition(
withId(R.id.bottom_button),
0)),
2),
isDisplayed()));
appCompatImageView.perform(click());
ViewInteraction textView = onView(
allOf(withId(R.id.advice),
childAtPosition(
allOf(withId(R.id.RelativeLayout01),
childAtPosition(
withId(android.R.id.content),
0)),
1),
isDisplayed()));
textView.check(matches(isDisplayed()));
}
private static Matcher<View> childAtPosition(
final Matcher<View> parentMatcher, final int position) {
return new TypeSafeMatcher<View>() {
@Override
public void describeTo(Description description) {
description.appendText("Child at position " + position + " in parent ");
parentMatcher.describeTo(description);
}
@Override
public boolean matchesSafely(View view) {
ViewParent parent = view.getParent();
return parent instanceof ViewGroup && parentMatcher.matches(parent)
&& view.equals(((ViewGroup) parent).getChildAt(position));
}
};
}
}

如您所见，只需单击视图并检查视图是否存在......我的 gradle 文件(模块级别)是：

buildscript {
repositories {
maven { url 'https://maven.fabric.io/public' }
}
dependencies {
classpath 'io.fabric.tools:gradle:1.+'
}
}
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android-extensions'
apply plugin: 'io.fabric'
repositories {
maven { url 'https://maven.fabric.io/public' }
google()
mavenCentral()
}
android {
dexOptions {
javaMaxHeapSize "4g"
}
compileSdkVersion 26
buildToolsVersion '26.0.2'
defaultConfig {
applicationId "info.xxx"
minSdkVersion 16
targetSdkVersion 26
multiDexEnabled true
testInstrumentationRunner 'android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner'
}
signingConfigs{
release {
v2SigningEnabled false
}
}
compileOptions {
sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_7
targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_7
}
buildTypes {
release {
debuggable false
minifyEnabled true
shrinkResources true
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.txt'
}
}
}
dependencies {
implementation  'com.google.android.gms:play-services-analytics:11.8.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.1.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:design:26.1.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.2'
implementation ('com.squareup:android-times-square:1.7.2@aar'){
exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'mediarouter-v7'
}
implementation files('libs/GraphView-3.1.3.jar')
implementation('com.crashlytics.sdk.android:crashlytics:2.6.8@aar') {
transitive = true
}
// Kotlin related
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jre7:$kotlin_version"
implementation "org.jetbrains.anko:anko-appcompat-v7-commons:$anko_version"
implementation "org.jetbrains.anko:anko-design:$anko_version"
implementation "org.jetbrains.anko:anko-design-coroutines:$anko_version"
// Required for local unit tests (JUnit 4 framework)
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
//Mockito framework
testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-core:1.10.19'
// Required for instrumented tests
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support:support-annotations:26.+'
androidTestImplementation ('com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.1'){
exclude module: 'support-annotations'
}
androidTestImplementation ('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.1'){
exclude module: 'support-annotations'
}
}

所有依赖项似乎都可以，但是从android工作室运行测试时，几分钟后我收到此消息：

android.support.test.espresso.AppNotIdleException： Looped for 2969 迭代超过 60 秒。以下空闲条件失败。在 dalvik.system.VMStack.getThreadStackTrace(Native Method) at java.lang.Thread.getStackTrace(Thread.java：1536) at android.support.test.espresso.base.DefaultFailureHandler.getUserFriendlyError(DefaultFailureHandler.java：90) 在 android.support.test.espresso.base.DefaultFailureHandler.handle(DefaultFailureHandler.java：52) 在 android.support.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.waitForAndHandleInteractionResults(ViewInteraction.java：312) 在 android.support.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.desugaredPerform(ViewInteraction.java：167) 在 android.support.test.espresso.ViewInteraction.perform(ViewInteraction.java：110) 在 info.xxx.activities.AdviceDisplay2.adviceDisplay2(AdviceDisplay2.java：56) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java：50) 在 org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java：12) 在 org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java：47) 在 org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java：17) 在 android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule$ActivityStatement.evaluate(ActivityTestRule.java：433) at org.junit.rules.RunRules.evaluate(RunRules.java：20) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java：325) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java：78) 在 org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java：57) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java：290) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java：71) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java：288) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java：58) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java：268) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java：363) at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java：128) at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java：27) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java：290) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java：71) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java：288) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java：58) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java：268) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java：363) at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java：137) at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java：115) at android.support.test.internal.runner.TestExecutor.execute(TestExecutor.java：58) 在 android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner.onStart(AndroidJUnitRunner.java：375) 在 android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java：2074)

测试运行到完成。

第 56 行是：

appCompatImageView.perform(click());

感谢您的阅读

Answer 1

我今天遇到了同样的错误，但就我而言，它与库版本控制有关。我浪费了很长时间试图弄清楚如何让我的测试重新通过，而找出我的问题的关键之一是将buildToolsVersion、compileSdkVersion和support-annotations lib设置为同一版本。

那么，请您尝试更新您的buildToolsVersion '25.2.0'并检查它是否有效？