我有Ubuntu 18.04 LTS(仿生海狸(。
当我运行sudo apt-get upgrade时
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libc6-dbg : Depends: libc6 (= 2.27-3ubuntu1.2) but 2.27-3ubuntu1 is installed
libc6-dev : Depends: libc6 (= 2.27-3ubuntu1.2) but 2.27-3ubuntu1 is installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
然后我运行sudo apt --fix-broken install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
libsss-nss-idmap0
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
The following additional packages will be installed:
libc6
Suggested packages:
glibc-doc
The following packages will be upgraded:
libc6
1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 72 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/2,827 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
debconf: DbDriver "config": /var/cache/debconf/config.dat is locked by another process: Resource temporarily unavailable
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'linux-image-5.3.0-53-generic' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
(Reading database ... 214594 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libc6_2.27-3ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb ...
debconf: DbDriver "config": /var/cache/debconf/config.dat is locked by another process: Resource temporarily unavailable
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.27-3ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb (--unpack):
new libc6:amd64 package pre-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.27-3ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
我尝试过使用sudo apt-get install -f，但仍然会出现同样的错误。
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
libsss-nss-idmap0
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
The following additional packages will be installed:
libc6
Suggested packages:
glibc-doc
The following packages will be upgraded:
libc6
1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 72 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/2,827 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
debconf: DbDriver "config": /var/cache/debconf/config.dat is locked by another process: Resource temporarily unavailable
dpkg: warning: files list file for package 'linux-image-5.3.0-53-generic' missing; assuming package has no files currently installed
(Reading database ... 214594 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libc6_2.27-3ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb ...
debconf: DbDriver "config": /var/cache/debconf/config.dat is locked by another process: Resource temporarily unavailable
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.27-3ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb (--unpack):
new libc6:amd64 package pre-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.27-3ubuntu1.2_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
此外，在屏幕的右上角，会出现一条通知，上面写着：
出现错误，请从右键菜单运行包管理器，或进入终端查看问题所在。错误消息为："错误：BrokenCount>"0"。这通常意味着您安装的软件包具有未满足的依赖性
我尝试安装新的更新，但软件更新程序显示以下消息：
可用磁盘空间不足升级需要磁盘"/boot"上总共107M的可用空间。请在"/boot"上至少释放额外的49.6 M磁盘空间。您可以使用"sudo-apt-autoremove"删除旧内核，也可以在/etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf中设置COMPRESS=xz以减小initramfs的大小。
我尝试sudo apt autoremove:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libc6-dbg : Depends: libc6 (= 2.27-3ubuntu1.2) but 2.27-3ubuntu1 is installed
libc6-dev : Depends: libc6 (= 2.27-3ubuntu1.2) but 2.27-3ubuntu1 is installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
这些都是我安装的内核：
$ sudo dpkg --list | egrep -i --color 'linux-image|linux-headers'
ii linux-headers-5.3.0-51 5.3.0-51.44~18.04.2 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.3.0
ii linux-headers-5.3.0-51-generic 5.3.0-51.44~18.04.2 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 5.3.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-headers-5.3.0-53 5.3.0-53.47~18.04.1 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.3.0
ii linux-headers-5.3.0-53-generic 5.3.0-53.47~18.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 5.3.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-headers-5.3.0-59 5.3.0-59.53~18.04.1 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.3.0
ii linux-headers-5.3.0-59-generic 5.3.0-59.53~18.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 5.3.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-headers-generic-hwe-18.04 5.3.0.59.113 amd64 Generic Linux kernel headers
ri linux-image-5.3.0-53-generic 5.3.0-53.47~18.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
ii linux-image-5.3.0-59-generic 5.3.0-59.53~18.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
ii linux-image-generic-hwe-18.04 5.3.0.59.113 amd64 Generic Linux kernel image
我找到了解决方案：
当我执行sudo apt --fix-broken install时，我没有看到这行：
debconf: DbDriver "config": /var/cache/debconf/config.dat is locked by another process: Resource temporarily unavailable
我们必须运行这个：sudo fuser -v /var/cache/debconf/config.dat，你会看到这样的东西：
USER PID ACCESS COMMAND
/var/cache/debconf/config.dat:
root 5346 F.... frontend
您必须运行sudo kill <PID>，其中PID是上面的数字，在本例中为sudo kill 5346
最后，运行sudo apt-get install -f，然后就可以运行sudo apt-get update
我有一次遇到这种情况很严重，是因为dpkg的.prerm脚本中有一个错误。我必须调试脚本本身才能通过锁定。只要去掉坏掉的软件包就足以解开你的安装程序，如果你足够大胆的话，你可以重新安装。
如果您从apt调用，您需要通过检查调用的命令行来找到dpkg被卡住的脚本，否则您就知道了。
检查dpkg咒语：
ps aux | grep dpkg
找一条这样的线：
/bin/sh /var/lib/dpkg/info/${PACKAGE}.prerm remove
然后，您需要编辑例如/var/lib/dpkg/info/${PACKAGE}.prerm文件，以显示开始调试过程的执行情况。在编辑器中打开文件(具有root权限(，并将顶部的set -e更改为：
set -eux -o pipefail