我有以下目标：创建一个窗口按钮，该按钮 a( 在单击时切换其标签并强制正在运行的 Windows 应用程序(例如，计算器(放在前面，b( 在随后的单击时将其标签更改回原始状态，并强制第二个窗口应用程序(例如，记事本(放在前面。此切换应该可以无限次持续(直到用户中止(。
注意：我正在使用MS Visual Studio。
到目前为止，我所拥有的(基于各种其他线程构建(：
1(成功运行的WindowsForm应用程序提供了一个按钮，单击该按钮后，将其标签从"计算器"切换到"记事本"，反之亦然。
2( 一个 Win32 控制台应用程序，它成功找到正在运行的 Calucalor 应用程序并将其强制实施到前端。
代码 1(
按钮开关应用程序.cpp
// ButtonSwitchApplication.cpp : main project file.
#include "Form1.h"
#include <windows.h>
using namespace ButtonSwitchApplication;
[STAThreadAttribute]
int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
{
//HelloWorld();
// Enabling Windows XP visual effects before any controls are created
Application::EnableVisualStyles();
Application::SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
// Create the main window and run it
Application::Run(gcnew Form1());
return 0;
}
表格1.h
#pragma once
#include <windows.h>
namespace ButtonSwitchApplication {
using namespace System;
using namespace System::ComponentModel;
using namespace System::Collections;
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;
using namespace System::Data;
using namespace System::Drawing;
/// <summary>
/// Summary for Form1
/// </summary>
public ref class Form1 : public System::Windows::Forms::Form
{
public:
Form1(void)
{
InitializeComponent();
//
//TODO: Add the constructor code here
//
}
protected:
/// <summary>
/// Clean up any resources being used.
/// </summary>
~Form1()
{
if (components)
{
delete components;
}
}
private: System::Windows::Forms::Button^ button1;
protected:
private:
/// <summary>
/// Required designer variable.
/// </summary>
System::ComponentModel::Container ^components;
#pragma region Windows Form Designer generated code
/// <summary>
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
/// </summary>
void InitializeComponent(void)
{
this->button1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button());
this->SuspendLayout();
//
// button1
//
this->button1->Location = System::Drawing::Point(26, 45);
this->button1->Name = L"button1";
this->button1->Size = System::Drawing::Size(232, 53);
this->button1->TabIndex = 0;
this->button1->Text = L"INFO"; // initializes the button label with "INFO"
this->button1->UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
this->button1->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler(this, &Form1::button1_Click);
//
// Form1
//
this->AutoScaleDimensions = System::Drawing::SizeF(6, 13);
this->AutoScaleMode = System::Windows::Forms::AutoScaleMode::Font;
this->ClientSize = System::Drawing::Size(284, 261);
this->Controls->Add(this->button1);
this->Name = L"Form1";
this->Text = L"Form1";
this->ResumeLayout(false);
}
#pragma endregion
private: System::Void Form1::button1_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e) {
static bool isInfo = true;
if(isInfo == false)
{
button1->Text = "Calculator";
} // end if (isInfo)
else
{
button1->Text = "Notepad";
} // end else
isInfo = !isInfo;
} // end private button1_Click
};
}
代码 2(
资料来源.cpp
#include <iostream> // need this header file to support the C++ I/O system
#include <windows.h>
using namespace std; // telling the compiler to use namespace "std",
// where the entire C++ library is declared.
int main()
{
// This code is searching for a running application
// Retrieves a handle to the top-level window whose class name and window name match the specified strings.
// This function does not search child windows.
// This function does not perform a case-sensitive search.
HWND hwnd1 = FindWindow(NULL,TEXT("Calculator"));
HWND hwnd2 = FindWindow(NULL,TEXT("Notepad"));
// used temporarily to decide which window to search for
int MyTemp = 0;
if (MyTemp == 0) {
SetForegroundWindow(hwnd1);
cout << " Found Calculator!" << endl;
cout << hwnd1 << endl;
getchar();
} // end if
else if (MyTemp == 1) {
SetForegroundWindow(hwnd2);
cout << " Found Notepad!" << endl;
cout << hwnd2 << endl;
getchar();
} // end else if
else {
cout << " Did not find the application window!" << endl;
cout << hwnd1 << endl;
getchar();
}
}
我没有成功地将1(和2(两个结合在一起，以达到上述目标。
我试图包括
HWND hwnd = FindWindow(NULL,TEXT("Calculator"));
SetForegroundWindow(hwnd);
MessageBox::Show("Found Calculator!");
紧接着
button1->Text = "Calculator";
在 Form1.h 中，但我收到如下错误：
1> ButtonSwitchApplication.cpp
1>ButtonSwitchApplication.obj : error LNK2028: unresolved token (0A000019) "extern "C" int __stdcall SetForegroundWindow(struct HWND__ *)" [...]
1>ButtonSwitchApplication.obj : error LNK2028: unresolved token (0A00001E) "extern "C" struct HWND__ * __stdcall FindWindowW(wchar_t const [...]
1>ButtonSwitchApplication.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "extern "C" struct HWND__ * __stdcall FindWindowW(wchar_t const [...]
1>ButtonSwitchApplication.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "extern "C" int __stdcall SetForegroundWindow(struct HWND__ *)" [...]
实现目标的任何帮助。谢谢！
最好迈克尔。
我自己想通了...过了很久：
有几件事是成功的关键：
- 为 SetForegroundWinow 函数使用正确的命名空间
- 在属性>配置属性>链接器>输入>其他依赖项中包含 user32.lib
这是运行代码，它为我提供了切换按钮，该按钮将两个正在运行的应用程序带到前台(在本例中为计算器和记事本(
按钮开关应用.cpp：
// ButtonSwitchApplication.cpp : main project file.
#include <iostream> // need this header file to support the C++ I/O system
#include <windows.h>
//define the functions that do the work
namespace ButtonSwitchApplication
{
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;
System::Void CalcToTop(){
// This code is searching for a running application
// Retrieves a handle to the top-level window whose class name and window name match the specified strings.
// This function does not search child windows.
// This function does not perform a case-sensitive search.
HWND hwnd = FindWindow(NULL,TEXT("Untitled - Notepad"));
SetForegroundWindow(hwnd);
//MessageBox::Show("Found Notepad!");
} // end CalcToTop
System::Void NotepadToTop(){
// This code is searching for a running application
// Retrieves a handle to the top-level window whose class name and window name match the specified strings.
// This function does not search child windows.
// This function does not perform a case-sensitive search.
HWND hwnd = FindWindow(NULL,TEXT("Calculator"));
SetForegroundWindow(hwnd);
//MessageBox::Show("Found Calculator !");
} // end CalcToTop
}
// includes all of the VS generated forms code
#include "Form1.h"
using namespace ButtonSwitchApplication;
[STAThreadAttribute]
int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
{
// Enabling Windows XP visual effects before any controls are created
Application::EnableVisualStyles();
Application::SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
// Create the main window and run it
Application::Run(gcnew Form1());
return 0;
}
表格1.h：
#pragma once
#include <windows.h>
namespace ButtonSwitchApplication {
using namespace System;
using namespace System::ComponentModel;
using namespace System::Collections;
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;
using namespace System::Data;
using namespace System::Drawing;
/// <summary>
/// Summary for Form1
/// </summary>
public ref class Form1 : public System::Windows::Forms::Form
{
public:
Form1(void)
{
InitializeComponent();
//
//TODO: Add the constructor code here
//
}
protected:
/// <summary>
/// Clean up any resources being used.
/// </summary>
~Form1()
{
if (components)
{
delete components;
}
}
private: System::Windows::Forms::Button^ button1;
protected:
private:
/// <summary>
/// Required designer variable.
/// </summary>
System::ComponentModel::Container ^components;
#pragma region Windows Form Designer generated code
/// <summary>
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
/// </summary>
void InitializeComponent(void)
{
this->button1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button());
this->SuspendLayout();
//
// button1
//
this->button1->AutoSizeMode = System::Windows::Forms::AutoSizeMode::GrowAndShrink;
this->button1->Font = (gcnew System::Drawing::Font(L"Microsoft Sans Serif", 18, System::Drawing::FontStyle::Bold, System::Drawing::GraphicsUnit::Point,
static_cast<System::Byte>(0)));
this->button1->Dock = System::Windows::Forms::DockStyle::Fill;
this->button1->Location = System::Drawing::Point(0, 0);
this->button1->MinimumSize = System::Drawing::Size(200, 60);
this->button1->Name = L"button1";
this->button1->Size = System::Drawing::Size(345, 86);
this->button1->TabIndex = 0;
this->button1->Text = L"CALCULATOR";
this->button1->UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
this->button1->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler(this, &Form1::button1_Click);
//
// Form1
//
this->AutoScaleDimensions = System::Drawing::SizeF(6, 13);
this->AutoScaleMode = System::Windows::Forms::AutoScaleMode::Font;
this->ClientSize = System::Drawing::Size(345, 86);
this->Controls->Add(this->button1);
this->Name = L"Form1";
this->Text = L"Form1";
this->ResumeLayout(false);
}
#pragma endregion
private: System::Void Form1::button1_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e) {
static bool isCalc = true;
if(isCalc == false)
{
button1->Text = "CALCULATOR";
ButtonSwitchApplication::CalcToTop();
} // end if (isInfo)
else
{
button1->Text = "NOTEPAD";
ButtonSwitchApplication::NotepadToTop();
} // end else
isCalc = !isCalc;
} // end private button1_Click
};
}