自定义异常列表.如何创建这样一个列表

Question

是否有任何方法可以将用户定义的异常(我们自定义的异常)存储在列表中?因此，如果发生任何其他异常，它不在列表中…程序应该直接中止。

Answer 1

单个except可以有多个错误，自定义或其他:

>>> class MyError(Exception):
    pass
>>> try:
    int("foo") # will raise ValueError
except (MyError, ValueError):
    print "Thought this might happen"
except Exception:
    print "Didn't think that would happen"

Thought this might happen
>>> try:
    1 / 0 # will raise ZeroDivisionError
except (MyError, ValueError):
    print "Thought this might happen"
except Exception:
    print "Didn't think that would happen"

Didn't think that would happen

Answer 2

通常的方法是使用异常层次结构。

class OurError(Exception):
    pass
class PotatoError(OurError):
    pass
class SpamError(OurError):
    pass
# As many more as you like ...

那么你就在except块中捕获OurError，而不是试图捕获它们的元组或具有多个except块。

---

当然，实际上没有什么可以阻止您将它们存储在您提到的列表中:

>>> our_exceptions = [ValueError, TypeError]
>>> try:
...    1 + 'a'
... except tuple(our_exceptions) as the_error:
...    print 'caught {}'.format(the_error.__class__)
...     
caught <type 'exceptions.TypeError'>