C语言使用 cmake 链接外部 cblas 存档库

我在Linux Fedora环境中下载并构建了(看似正确的(相关的BLAS和CBLAS库(来自 netlib.org/blas(。这样做的结果是一个blas_LINUX.a文件，我将其重命名为libblas.a并复制到usrlocallib，以及一个cblas.h文件，我将其复制到usrinclude。随后，我尝试在 CLion 项目的CMakeList.txt文件中引用它。该文件如下所示：

project(test C)
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 99)
include_directories(include)
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} src/main.c)
find_library(blas libblas.a /usr/local/lib)
MESSAGE(STATUS "CBLAS location is: " ${blas})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${blas})

根据 cmake 在重新加载时生成的消息，cblas 库似乎被发现很好。但是，当我尝试运行我的应用程序时，我收到以下链接器错误消息：

undefined reference to `cblas_dgemm`

以下是我的main.c文件的内容

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <cblas.h>
int main(int arg, char *args[]) {
.
.
.
printf("Processing cblas_dgemm matrix multiplication.n");
cblas_dgemm(CblasRowMajor, CblasNoTrans, CblasNoTrans, N, N, N, alpha, A[0], N, B[0], N, beta, C[0], N);
.
.
.
return 0;
}

我不完全确定我在这里哪里出错了。我是使用cmake的新手，在网上搜索时，我正在兜圈子，试图找出问题所在。任何指向正确方向的指示都将受到极大的欢迎和赞赏。

修正(CMake输出.txt如下(

The system is: Linux - 5.4.8-200.fc31.x86_64 - x86_64
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Build flags: 
Id flags:  
The output was:
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Compilation of the C compiler identification source "CMakeCCompilerId.c" produced "a.out"
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Run Build Command(s):/usr/bin/gmake cmTC_3ac25/fast && gmake[1]: Entering directory '/home/xxx.xxx/CLionProjects/assignment_2/cmake-build-debug/CMakeFiles/CMakeTmp'
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arg [--build-id] ==> ignore
arg [--no-add-needed] ==> ignore
arg [--eh-frame-hdr] ==> ignore
arg [--hash-style=gnu] ==> ignore
arg [-m] ==> ignore
arg [elf_x86_64] ==> ignore
arg [-export-dynamic] ==> ignore
arg [-dynamic-linker] ==> ignore
arg [/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2] ==> ignore
arg [-o] ==> ignore
arg [cmTC_8e81c] ==> ignore
arg [/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/9/../../../../lib64/crt1.o] ==> ignore
arg [/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/9/../../../../lib64/crti.o] ==> ignore
arg [/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/9/crtbegin.o] ==> ignore
arg [-L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/9] ==> dir [/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/9]
arg [-L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/9/../../../../lib64] ==> dir [/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/9/../../../../lib64]
arg [-L/lib/../lib64] ==> dir [/lib/../lib64]
arg [-L/usr/lib/../lib64] ==> dir [/usr/lib/../lib64]
arg [-L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/9/../../..] ==> dir [/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/9/../../..]
arg [CMakeFiles/cmTC_8e81c.dir/CMakeCCompilerABI.c.o] ==> ignore
arg [-lgcc] ==> lib [gcc]
arg [--push-state] ==> ignore
arg [--as-needed] ==> ignore
arg [-lgcc_s] ==> lib [gcc_s]
arg [--pop-state] ==> ignore
arg [-lc] ==> lib [c]
arg [-lgcc] ==> lib [gcc]
arg [--push-state] ==> ignore
arg [--as-needed] ==> ignore
arg [-lgcc_s] ==> lib [gcc_s]
arg [--pop-state] ==> ignore
arg [/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/9/crtend.o] ==> ignore
arg [/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/9/../../../../lib64/crtn.o] ==> ignore
collapse library dir [/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/9] ==> [/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/9]
collapse library dir [/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/9/../../../../lib64] ==> [/usr/lib64]
collapse library dir [/lib/../lib64] ==> [/lib64]
collapse library dir [/usr/lib/../lib64] ==> [/usr/lib64]
collapse library dir [/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/9/../../..] ==> [/usr/lib]
implicit libs: [gcc;gcc_s;c;gcc;gcc_s]
implicit dirs: [/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/9;/usr/lib64;/lib64;/usr/lib]
implicit fwks: []

你的CMakeLists.txt应该有看起来像这样的东西，遵循FindBLAS建议：

include(FindBLAS)
if (BLAS_FOUND)
target_compile_options(${PROJECT_NAME} PRIVATE ${BLAS_LINKER_FLAGS})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${BLAS_LIBRARIES})
endif ()

动态链接器似乎找不到共享库。

您可以使用 ldd 检查动态依赖关系

查看/bin/ls 依赖关系的示例

ldd /bin/ls
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffcc3563000)
libselinux.so.1 => /lib64/libselinux.so.1 (0x00007f87e5459000)
libcap.so.2 => /lib64/libcap.so.2 (0x00007f87e5254000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f87e4e92000)
libpcre.so.1 => /lib64/libpcre.so.1 (0x00007f87e4c22000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f87e4a1e000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00005574bf12e000)
libattr.so.1 => /lib64/libattr.so.1 (0x00007f87e4817000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f87e45fa000)

确保 .so 文件存在于指定的路径中。

LDD 手册页

我不知道你是如何生成libblas.a的，但你可以看看FindBLASCMake 指令。(请注意有关 C/C++ 的说明(

https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.14/module/FindBLAS.html

这里有一堆事情可能会出错，但要简化：

将 libblas.a 复制到与您的程序相同的目录中
在生成文件中显式引用它。
检查 CBLAS 在输出中的位置(未显示(
验证 libblas.a 的权限，并使用nm查看符号
强制CMake静态链接所有内容(例如，此处静态链接问题

您的症状表明您在编译时而不是在运行时拾取其他一些 blas 库。

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C语言 使用 cmake 链接外部 cblas 存档库

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最新更新

热门标签：

C语言使用 cmake 链接外部 cblas 存档库