就mongoDb而言,GeoJSON和Legacy坐标对之间有什么区别?



我正在尝试使用 mongoDb 的聚合运算符$geoNear通过以下方式计算用户与当前位置的距离:

'$geoNear': {
   near: currentLocation,
   distanceField: 'distance',
   spherical: true,
}

当前位置如下所示:

{ "type" : "Point", "coordinates" : [  -122.1575745,  37.4457966 ] }

我的收藏是以下类型(使用猫鼬):

users = [{
  ....
  location : {                   // GeoJSON Point or I think it is ;)
            type: { 
                type: String
            },
            coordinates: []
        }
  ....
}]

我正在使用索引(再次是猫鼬的语法):

userSchema.index({
  location: '2dsphere'
});

现在我面临的问题是,如果我使用如上所述的currentLocation(以GeoJSON的形式)进行查询,我会得到奇怪的距离(非常大的数字),但是如果我使用currentLocation.坐标,即使用遗留坐标对([-122.1575745,37.4457966]),我会得到正确的结果。但是 mongoDb 文档的 geoNear 明确指出,我们可以同时使用 GeoJSON 点或传统坐标对进行查询。

我很想知道GeoJSON点和传统坐标对之间的确切区别是什么?

例如集合:

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5277679914c6d8f00b000003"), "location" : { "type" : "Point", "coordinates" : [  106.6202887,  -6.1293536 ] } }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5277810148219d011c000003"), "location" : { "type" : "Point", "coordinates" : [  106.6202887,  -6.1293536 ] } }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5281c7ba2dfd7bdc64000003"), "location" : { "type" : "Point", "coordinates" : [  -86.9248483,  33.4480108 ] } }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5281c8b82dfd7bdc64000004"), "location" : { "type" : "Point", "coordinates" : [  -74.0087126,  40.7136487 ] } }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5281c9782dfd7bdc64000005"), "location" : { "type" : "Point", "coordinates" : [  -122.1575745,  37.4457966 ] } }

不正确的结果:

[{"location":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-122.1575745,37.4457966]},"dis":13.69288259318155},
 {"location":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-86.9248483,33.4480108]},"dis":12697164592.388557},
 {"location":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-74.0087126,40.7136487]},"dis":16328789117.58145},
 {"location":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[106.6202887,-6.1293536]},"dis":55446284682.14049},
 {"location":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[106.6202887,-6.1293536]},"dis":55446284682.14049}] 

让我们创建一些示例文档和地理空间索引:

> db.foo.insert({name: "Warsaw", location: {"type" : "Point", "coordinates" : [21.016667, 52.233333]}})
> db.foo.insert({name: "Stockholm", location: {"type" : "Point", "coordinates" : [18.068611, 59.329444]}})
> db.foo.ensureIndex({"location": "2dsphere"})

华沙PL和斯德哥尔摩SE之间的距离约为810公里,因此让我们检查一下它是否按预期工作。首先,我们可以获取斯德哥尔摩的文档。

> Stockholm = db.foo.findOne({name: "Stockholm"})

现在我们可以使用 geoNear 运行查询:

> db.runCommand({ geoNear: 'foo', near: Stockholm.location.coordinates,  spherical: true })
{
    "ns" : "test.foo",
    "results" : [
        {
            "dis" : 6.558558954334308e-10,
            "obj" : {
                "_id" : ObjectId("52876ab0b12c6fc62f5d9311"),
                "name" : "Stockholm",
                "location" : {
                    "type" : "Point",
                    "coordinates" : [
                        18.068611,
                        59.329444
                    ]
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "dis" : 0.12715355275490586,
            "obj" : {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5287697eb12c6fc62f5d9310"),
                "name" : "Warsaw",
                "location" : {
                    "type" : "Point",
                    "coordinates" : [
                        21.016667,
                        52.233333
                    ]
                }
            }
        }
    ],
    "stats" : {
        "time" : 9,
        "nscanned" : 3,
        "avgDistance" : 0.06357677670538088,
        "maxDistance" : 0.12715355275490586
    },
    "ok" : 1
}
斯德哥尔摩

和斯德哥尔摩之间的距离接近0如预期的那样。斯德哥尔摩和华沙之间的距离是0.12715355275490586。当您使用旧坐标对运行查询时,您会得到弧度的结果,因此我们必须将此值乘以地球半径:

> 0.12715355275490586 * 6371.0
810.0952846015052

目前为止,一切都好。让我们检查一下我们是否使用 geojson 作为查询得到类似的结果。

> db.runCommand({ geoNear: 'foo', near: Stockholm.location,  spherical: true })
{
    "ns" : "test.foo",
    "results" : [
        {
            "dis" : 0.004183114486663965,
            "obj" : {
                "_id" : ObjectId("52876ab0b12c6fc62f5d9311"),
                "name" : "Stockholm",
                "location" : {
                    "type" : "Point",
                    "coordinates" : [
                        18.068611,
                        59.329444
                    ]
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "dis" : 810998.0748260651,
            "obj" : {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5287697eb12c6fc62f5d9310"),
                "name" : "Warsaw",
                "location" : {
                    "type" : "Point",
                    "coordinates" : [
                        21.016667,
                        52.233333
                    ]
                }
            }
        }
    ],
    "stats" : {
        "time" : 4,
        "nscanned" : 3,
        "avgDistance" : 405499.0395045898,
        "maxDistance" : 810998.0748260651
    },
    "ok" : 1
}
斯德哥尔摩

和斯德哥尔摩之间的距离再次接近0。斯德哥尔摩和华沙之间的距离是 810998.0748260651。使用 GeoJSON 运行 geoNear 查询时,距离以米为单位计算。810998.0748260651 大致等于 810 公里,所以这里没有什么奇怪的。

> 810998.0748260651 / 1000
810.9980748260651

两种解决方案之间的差异可能较小,但它只是一个FP算术。

> Math.abs(810.0952846015052 - 810.9980748260651)
0.902790224559908

find命令与$near运算符一起使用时。在旧坐标对上创建简单2d索引时,可以使用 {$near: Stockholm.location.coordinates}{$near: {$geometry: Stockholm.location} 进行查询。如果你有2dsperhical只有{$near: {$geometry: Stockholm.location}就可以了。

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