Virtualenv venv失败，出现以下错误

Question

我是Python开发的新手，我正在尝试在我的项目目录中安装virtualenv。

然而，我有以下错误：

Installing collected packages: pip, setuptools
  Exception:
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-6.0.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/basecommand.py", line 232, in main
      status = self.run(options, args)
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-6.0.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/commands/install.py", line 347, in run
      root=options.root_path,
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-6.0.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/req/req_set.py", line 549, in install
      **kwargs
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-6.0.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/req/req_install.py", line 754, in install
      self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root)
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-6.0.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/req/req_install.py", line 963, in move_wheel_files
      isolated=self.isolated,
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-6.0.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/wheel.py", line 234, in move_wheel_files
      clobber(source, lib_dir, True)
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-6.0.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pip/wheel.py", line 212, in clobber
      shutil.copyfile(srcfile, destfile)
    File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 82, in copyfile
      with open(dst, 'wb') as fdst:
  IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/__init__.py'
----------------------------------------
...Installing setuptools, pip...done.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/virtualenv", line 11, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 825, in main
    symlink=options.symlink)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 993, in create_environment
    install_wheel(to_install, py_executable, search_dirs)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 961, in install_wheel
    'PIP_NO_INDEX': '1'
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py", line 903, in call_subprocess
    % (cmd_desc, proc.returncode))
OSError: Command /Users/alexandrurada...oard/venv/bin/python -c "import sys, pip; sys...d"] + sys.argv[1:]))" setuptools pip failed with error code 2

我用安装了pip

easy_install pip

然后我安装了带有的virtualenv

pip安装虚拟

没有任何错误。然而，我仍然得到这个。我不想和sudo一起尝试。我应该吗？

更新：我用sudo安装了它们，并消除了这个错误。然而，另一个当试图用pip安装东西时：

air:dashboard alexandrurada$ pip install flask

-bash:/usr/local/bin/pip:"path_here"：错误的解释器：没有这样的文件或目录

更新2:以前的错误是因为目录名中有空格。路径似乎不适用于这样的名称。

不管怎样，我现在得到的错误是

File "/usr/local/bin/pip", line 7, in <module>
    from pip import main
ImportError: No module named pip

我检查了/usr/local/bin/pip，文件存在。

Answer 1

需要sudo pip install virtualenv才能全局安装virtualenv。设置virtualenv时，请确保不要使用sudo，并在尝试安装之前激活您的virtualenv。

[Errno 13] Permission denied:表示您没有写入权限。

Answer 2

安装新版本的pip并避免使用easy_Install。

从以下位置下载pip：https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py

然后在上面运行Python：

$ python get-pip.py

如果要将pip安装到全局路径，则可能需要使用sudo运行最后一个命令。在不使用sudo的情况下，pip将被安装用于您路径中的任何Python解释器。

从这里，您可以安装带有pip:的virtualenv

$ pip install virtualenv

从你的回复来看，最好让你的系统处于已知状态：下载该文件，然后运行sudo python get-pip.py，这样你就可以使用已知的工作pip安装运行了。