尝试使用Eclipse和PyDev（调试）在OSX上运行以下脚本：
#------------------------------------------------------
import os, subprocess
from os.path import join as join_path
def cmd(command):
print('$ ' + command)
process = subprocess.Popen(command, shell=True, executable="/bin/bash", stdin=None, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
return process.communicate() + (process.returncode,)
stdout, stderr, error_code = cmd('echo $PATH')
print(stdout, stderr, error_code)
stdout, stderr, error_code = cmd('echo $PYTHONPATH')
print(stdout, stderr, error_code)
stdout, stderr, error_code = cmd('which python')
print(stdout, stderr, error_code)
stdout, stderr, error_code = cmd('which apt-get')
print(stdout, stderr, error_code)
#------------------------------------------------------
但是$PATH不是我在.bashrc或.profile中设置的，并且我不能运行位于sw/bin中的apt-get。在运行子流程时，我的$PATH似乎被覆盖或设置不正确。波本。
这是我从上面的脚本输出：
$ echo $PATH
('/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbinn', '', 0)
$ echo $PYTHONPATH ('/Applications/eclipse/plugins/org.python.pydev_2.6.0.2012062515/pysrc/pydev_sitecustomize:/Users/bryancdickson/Development/Lootsie/_repos/ap/ap:/Users/bryancdickson/Development/Lootsie/_repos/ap/ap/ap:/sw/bin:/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python27.zip:/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7:/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-darwin:/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-mac:/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-mac/lib-scriptpackages:/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python:/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-tk:/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-old:/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload:/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/PyObjC:/Library/Python/2.7/site-packagesn', '', 0)
$ which python
('/usr/bin/pythonn', '', 0)
$ which apt-get
> ('', '', 1)
PyDev可能独立于bash配置文件中的设置来设置$PATH。
我建议你：
从具有正确PATH设置的bash shell启动PyDev（我认为Eclipse将从shell继承环境）。
或
在Eclipse中显式地配置PATH（我不知道如何做到这一点的详细信息，请在文档中搜索"环境变量"）。
好的，找到了一个简单的问题解决方案。在这里找到了一些好的注意事项：Mac OS X 中的环境变量
从终端启动Eclipse虽然很烦人，但效果很好。从我的终端类型/Applications/eclipse/eclipse和我的环境变量中获取：
$echo$PATH（'/sw/bin:/sw/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin://usr/local/mysql/bin:sw/bin:/usr\local/mysql/bin:sw-bin:/usr/X11R6/bin'，''，0）$echo$PYTHONPATH（'/Applications/eclipse/plugins/org.python.pydev_2.6.0.2012062515/pysrc/pydev_sitecustomize:/Users/bryancdickson/Development/Lootsie/repos/ap:/Users/bryancdickson/Development/Lootsie/repos/ap/ap/ap:/sw/bin:/System/Library/Frameworks/python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python27.zip:/System/Libraries/Frameworks/Pythn.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7:/System/Lebrary/Frameworks/版本/2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-darwin:/System/Library/Frameworks/python2.7/flat-mac:/System/Library/Frameworks/Pythn2.7/lib/python2.7/plat-mac/lib脚本包：/System/Lbrary/FFrameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/pyth:/System/Library/Frameworks/spython2.7.framework/Versions/27/lib/python2.7/lib-tk:/SystemLibrary/FFrameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-old:/System/Library/Frameworks/python2.7/lib dynload:/System/Library/Frameworks/Pyth.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/pyon/PyObjC:/Library/Python/2.7/site packages:/sw/bin\n'，''，0）$which python（'/usr/bin/python\n'，''，0$which apt-get（'/sw/bin/apt-get\n'，''，0）
您可以在以下位置找到内部PyDev首选项：
窗口：首选项：PyDev:解释器-Python
这包括PYTHONPATH系统。
从终端启动Eclipse对我来说适用于Eclipse 4.3，但它不再适用于Eclise 4.5（Mars）
问题是调用子流程时未正确设置PATH变量。Popen
解决方法是使用os.environ 将真实的PATH添加到环境中
import os
os.environ['PATH'] = os.environ['PATH']+':'+os.getenv('PATH')
这对我来说很有效（我只需要在Python解释器的环境中添加变量PATH及其值，请参阅首选项（Preferences->PyDev->Interpreters->Python Interpreter->Environment）