为sp_executesql添加来自动态 SQL 字符串的参数的引用日期时间

Question

我目前正在开发SQL Server 2005，并尝试按如下方式构建动态查询：

DECLARE @GETDATE AS NVARCHAR(12);
DECLARE @GETDATE2 AS NVARCHAR(12);
SET @GETDATE = ...;
SET @GETDATE2 = ...;
SET @SQL =  
    'CREATE TABLE [dbo].[' + @TABLENAME + ']'
    +'(' 
    +'ShibNo' 'INT'
    +')' 
    +';'
    + CHAR(10) 
    +'INSERT INTO [dbo].[' + @TABLENAME + '] (ShibNo)'
    +'SELECT X.[ShibNo]'
    +'FROM'
    +'('
    +'SELECT'
    + 'I.[Shibno]'
    +',' + 'I.[ShibAzmnDate]'
    +',' + 'I.[ShibBeginTime]'
    +',' + 'I.[ShibEndTime]'
    +',' + 'I.[CarNum]'
    +',' + 'I.[DriverNo1]'
    +',' + 'I.[ShibKind]'
    +',' + 'I.[FStationID]'
    +',' + 'I.[LStationID]'
    +',' + 'I.[LineDetailRecordID]'
    +'FROM Inserted2 I'
    +'WHERE I.[ShibAzmnDate] BETWEEN ' + @GETDATE + ' AND ' + @GETDATE2 + 
    +'INTERCEPT'
    +'SELECT'
    + 'D.[Shibno]'
    +',' + 'D.[ShibAzmnDate]'
    +',' + 'D.[ShibBeginTime]'
    +',' + 'D.[ShibEndTime]'
    +',' + 'D.[CarNum]'
    +',' + 'D.[DriverNo1]'
    +',' + 'D.[ShibKind]'
    +',' + 'D.[FStationID]'
    +',' + 'D.[LStationID]'
    +',' + 'D.[LineDetailRecordID]'
    +'FROM Deleted2 D'
    +'WHERE D.[ShibAzmnDate] BETWEEN ' + @GETDATE + ' AND ' + @GETDATE2 + 
    +') AS X'
    +';'
;
EXECUTE sp_executesql @SQL
;

如您所见，查询字符串的 WHERE 子句中存在用于限制此处执行的检查的日期范围的参数。 但是，当字符串作为使用 sp_executesql 的查询执行时，日期不会收到正确的撇号标点符号，这会产生错误。

我尝试使用替换和转义字符，但显然不知道正确的方法。 我会很高兴（也很感激！）学习如何正确地做到这一点。

如果我检查查询的建立，返回的字符串是以下变体之一：

' WHERE D.[ShibAzmnDate] BETWEEN ''03/13/2016'' AND ''03/14/2016'' '

或

' WHERE D.[ShibAzmnDate] BETWEEN 03/13/2016 AND 03/14/2016 '

或

' WHERE D.[ShibAzmnDate] BETWEEN ''''03/13/2016'''' AND ''''03/14/2016'''' '

等等...

有人可以帮助我了解如何正确构建此动态查询字符串（以及未来的动态查询字符串）以避免此问题吗？

提前非常感谢！

Answer 1

在查询中使用参数占位符，然后将参数的值传递给sp_executesql 。 有关更多详细信息，请参阅 https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms188001.aspx。

DECLARE @GETDATE AS NVARCHAR(12);
DECLARE @GETDATE2 AS NVARCHAR(12);
SET @GETDATE = ...;
SET @GETDATE2 = ...;
SET @SQL =  
    'CREATE TABLE [dbo].[' + @TABLENAME + ']'
    +'(' 
    +'ShibNo' 'INT'
    +')' 
    +';'
    + CHAR(10) 
    +'INSERT INTO [dbo].[' + @TABLENAME + '] (ShibNo)'
    +'SELECT X.[ShibNo]'
    +'FROM'
    +'('
    +'SELECT'
    + 'I.[Shibno]'
    . . .
    +'FROM Inserted2 I'
    +'WHERE I.[ShibAzmnDate] BETWEEN @StartDate AND @EndDate' 
    +'INTERCEPT'
    +'SELECT'
    + 'D.[Shibno]'
    . . .
    +'FROM Deleted2 D'
    +'WHERE D.[ShibAzmnDate] BETWEEN @StartDate AND @EndDate'
    +') AS X'
    +';'
;
EXECUTE sp_executesql @SQL, N'@StartDate DATE, @EndDate DATE',
    @StartDate = @GETDATE, @EndDate = @GETDATE2
;

Answer 2

试试它对我有用。

    DECLARE @DATE VARCHAR(250) = '2016-01-01', @VAR VARCHAR(MAX)
    SELECT @VAR = 'SELECT * FROM TABLE_A WHERE CREATE_DTE> '''+@DATE+''''
    SELECT @VAR

Answer 3

1 MSSQL 支持多行字符串文字，因此您不必单独连接每行（不太明白为什么要将逗号连接为单独的文字）

2 由于您使用的是sp_executesql并且具有适当类型的变量，因此您不需要在 sql 文本中使用它们，也不必将它们转换为 varchar

SET @SQL =  
    cast('CREATE TABLE [dbo].[' as nvarchar(max)) + @TABLENAME + ']
    (
      ShibNo INT
    );
    INSERT INTO [dbo].[' + @TABLENAME + '] (ShibNo)
    SELECT X.[ShibNo]
    FROM
    (
      SELECT
         I.[Shibno]
        ,I.[ShibAzmnDate]
        ,I.[ShibBeginTime]
        ,I.[ShibEndTime]
        ,I.[CarNum]
        ,I.[DriverNo1]
        ,I.[ShibKind]
        ,I.[FStationID]
        ,I.[LStationID]
        ,I.[LineDetailRecordID]
      FROM Inserted2 I
      WHERE I.[ShibAzmnDate] BETWEEN @date1 AND @date2
      INTERCEPT
      SELECT
         D.[Shibno]
        ,D.[ShibAzmnDate]
        ,D.[ShibBeginTime]
        ,D.[ShibEndTime]
        ,D.[CarNum]
        ,D.[DriverNo1]
        ,D.[ShibKind]
        ,D.[FStationID]
        ,D.[LStationID]
        ,D.[LineDetailRecordID]
      FROM Deleted2 D
      WHERE D.[ShibAzmnDate] BETWEEN @date1 AND @date2
    ) AS X'
EXECUTE sp_executesql @SQL, N'@date1 datetime, @date2 datetime', @getdate, @getdate2;