使用Regex Perl匹配单词的不同变体

Question

我在单个空间字符上划分句子，然后将这些术语与哈希的键匹配。我只有在100％相似的术语时才能获得匹配项，并且我正在努力找到一个可以匹配同一单词的几个事件的完美正则。例如。让我们考虑我现在有一个"拮抗"的术语，它与"拮抗"一词完全匹配，但无法与拮抗剂，拮抗或抗抗抗酸或前抗性，水力 - 抗逆邦总及区等匹配。-7与MCF7或MC-F7沉默了特殊字符的效果等。

这是我到目前为止的代码；THR评论的部分是我挣扎的地方。

（注意：哈希中的术语被驱动为单词的根形式）。

    use warnings;
    use strict;
    use Drug;
    use Stop;
    open IN,  "sample.txt"   or die "cannot find sample";
    open OUT, ">sample1.txt" or die "cannot find sample";
    while (<IN>) {
        chomp $_;
        my $flag = 0;
        my $line = lc $_;
        my @full = ();
        if ( $line =~ /<Sentence.*>(.*)</Sentence>/i ) {
            my $string = $1;
            chomp $string;
            $string =~ s/,/ , /g;
            $string =~ s/./ . /g;
            $string =~ s/;/ ; /g;
            $string =~ s/(/ ( /g;
            $string =~ s/)/ )/g;
            $string =~ s/:/ : /g;
            $string =~ s/::/ :: )/g;
            my @array = split / /, $string;
            foreach my $word (@array) {
                chomp $word;
                if ( $word =~ /,|;|.|(|)/g ) {
                    push( @full, $word );
                }
                if ( $Stop_words{$word} ) {
                    push( @full, $word );
                }
                if ( $Values{$word} ) {
                    my $term = "<Drug>$word</Drug>";
                    push( @full, $term );
                }
                else {
                    push( @full, $word );
                }
                # if($word=~/.*Q$Values{$word}E/i)#Changed this
                # {
                # $term="<Drug>$word</$Drug>";
                # print $term,"n";
                # push(@full,$term);
                # }
            }
        }
        my $mod_str = join( " ", @full );
        print OUT $mod_str, "n";
    }

Answer 1

我需要一条正则以匹配MCF-7之类的单词与MCF7或 MC-F7

最直接的方法是剥离连字符，即

my $ignore_these = "[-_']"
$word =~ s{$ignore_these}{}g;

我不确定在您的价值哈希中存储了什么，所以很难说出您期望发生的事情

if($word=~/.*Q$Values{$word}E/i)

但是，您想象的是（有些简化您的代码）

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use utf8;
use 5.10.0;
use Data::Dumper;
while (<>) {
    chomp $_;
    my $flag = 0;
    my $line = lc $_;
    my @full = ();
    if ( $line =~ /<Sentence.*>(.*)</Sentence>/i ) {
        my $string = $1;
        chomp $string;
        $string =~ s/([,.;():])/ $1 /g; # squished these together 
        $string =~ s/::/ :: )/g;          # typo in original
        my @array = split /s+/, $string;   # split on one /or more/ spaces
        foreach my $word (@array) {
            chomp $word;
                        my $term=$word;
                        my $word_chars = "[\w\-_']";
                        my $word_part  = "antagon";
                        if ($word =~ m{$word_chars*?$word_part$word_chars+}) {
                            $term="<Drug>$word</Drug>";
                        }
                        push(@full,$term); # push 
        }
    }
    my $mod_str = join( " ", @full );
        say "<Sentence>$mod_str</Sentence>";
}

这给了我以下输出，这是我对您期望的最好的猜测：

$ cat tmp.txt 
<Sentence>This in antagonizing the antagonist's antagonism pre-antagonistically.</Sentence>
$ cat tmp.txt | perl x.pl
<Sentence>this in <Drug>antagonizing</Drug> the <Drug>antagonist's</Drug> <Drug>antagonism</Drug> <Drug>pre-antagonistically</Drug> .</Sentence>
$ 

Answer 2

perl -ne '$things{$1}++while s/([^ ;.,!?]*?antagon[^ ;.,!?]++)//;END{print "$_n" for sort keys %things}' FILENAME

如果文件包含以下内容：

he was an antagonist
antagonize is a verb
why are you antagonizing her?
this is an alpha-antagonist

这将返回：

alpha-antagonist
antagonist
antagonize
antagonizing

以下是一个常规（不是单线）版本：

#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
open my $in, "<", "sample.txt" or die "could not open sample.txt for reading!";
open my $out, ">", "sample1.txt" or die "could not open sample1.txt for writing!";
my %things;
while (<$in>){
    $things{$1}++ while s/([^ ;.,!?]*?antagon[^ ;.,!?]++)//
}
print $out "$_n" for sort keys %things;

Answer 3

您可能想再看一下您对方法的假设。对我来说，听起来像是您正在寻找在单词列表的一定距离内的单词。看看Levenshtein距离公式，看看这是否是您想要的。但是请注意，计算这可能需要指数时间。