按姓氏排序Awk数组

Question

在我的脚本中，我从一个竞选捐款人的文件开始，任何捐款500美元的人都有资格参加比赛。任何符合该条件的人，我都会将其添加到具有递增索引的数组中，以根据需要调整大小。每个索引的格式如下所示，X是一个电话号码。在脚本的END部分，我需要按姓氏（$2）对这个数组进行排序以进行打印。我做了一些搜索，但一无所获。我并不是要求有人帮我输入剧本，只是为了给我指明更好的搜索方向或提供建议。我需要帮助对数组参赛者进行排序，因为目前它将以我需要的方式正确填充字符串值。

其中v1,2，&3是战役贡献，我在命令中使用-F'[ :]'来获得空格和冒号作为字段分隔符。

输入文件lab4.data

Fname Lname:Phone__Number:v1:v2:v3   
Mike Harrington:[phone]:250:100:175 
Christian Dobbins:[phone]:155:90:201 
Susan Dalsass:[phone]:250:60:50 
Archie McNichol:[phone]:250:100:175 
Jody Savage:[phone]:15:188:150 
Guy Quigley:[phone]:250:100:175 
Dan Savage:[phone]:450:300:275 
Nancy McNeil:[phone]:250:80:75 
John Goldenrod:[phone]:250:100:175 
Chet Main:[phone]:50:95:135   
Tom Savage:[phone]:250:168:200  
Elizabeth Stachelin:[phone]:175:75:300 

数组可容纳任何大于$500的人，$8已创建并可容纳值$5+$6+$7：数组被初始化并填充在下面给出的循环中

$8 = $5+$6+$7;
contestants[len++]

循环以检查是否将人员添加到参赛者数组。name和number是数组，它们保存各自的值以供以后使用。

for(i=0;i<=NR;i++)if(contrib[i]>500){contestants[len++]= name[i]"   "number[i] }

索引格式（参赛者[len++]所需的数组值）：

[0]   Mike Harrington [phone]
[1]   Archie McNichol [phone] 
[2]   Guy Quigley [phone]
[3]   Dan Savage [phone]
[4]   John Goldenrod [phone]
[5]   Tom Savage [phone]
[6]   Elizabeth Stachelin [phone]

循环打印/检查阵列是否已正确填充（它是）

for (i=0; i <len; i++) {print contestants[i]}

输出：

Mike Harrington [phone]
Archie McNichol [phone]
Guy Quigley [phone]
Dan Savage [phone]
John Goldenrod [phone]
Tom Savage [phone]
Elizabeth Stachelin [phone]

所需的最终输出：忽略格式，因为它在我的终端中正确显示。我只是很难在这里得到所有的好。

               ***FIRST QUARTERLY REPORT***                          
            ***CAMPAIGN 2004 CONTRIBUTIONS***                       
   Name            Phone             Jan  |  Feb  |  Mar  |  Total Donated 
Mike Harrington     [phone]   $ 250   $ 100   $ 175   $ 525
Christian Dobbins   [phone]   $ 155   $ 90    $ 201   $ 446
Susan Dalsass       [phone]   $ 250   $ 60    $ 50    $ 360
Archie McNichol     [phone]   $ 250   $ 100   $ 175   $ 525
Jody Savage         [phone]   $ 15    $ 188   $ 150   $ 353
Guy Quigley         [phone]   $ 250   $ 100   $ 175   $ 525
Dan Savage          [phone]   $ 450   $ 300   $ 275   $ 1025
Nancy McNeil        [phone]   $ 250   $ 80    $ 75    $ 405
John Goldenrod      [phone]   $ 250   $ 100   $ 175   $ 525
Chet Main           [phone]   $ 50    $ 95    $ 135   $ 280
Tom Savage          [phone]   $ 250   $ 168   $ 200   $ 618
Elizabeth Stachelin [phone]   $ 175   $ 75    $ 300   $ 550
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
The campaign received a total of $6137.00 for this quarter.
The average donation for the 12 contributors was $511.42.
The highest total contribution was $1025.00 made by Dan Savage.
                ***Thank you Dan Savage***                           
The following people donated over $500 to the campaign.
They are eligible for the quarterly drawing!!
Listed are their names(sorted by last names) and phone numbers.
John Goldenrod [phone]
Mike Harrington [phone]
Archie McNichol [phone]
Guy Quigley [phone]
Dan Savage [phone]
Tom Savage [phone]
Elizabeth Stachelin [phone]
Thank you all for your continued support!!

Answer 1

使用gawk，可以直接处理内置的排序函数，例如

BEGIN {
    data["Jane Doe [phone]"] = 600;
    data["Fred Adams [phone]"] = 800;
    data["John Smith [phone]"] = 900;
    exit;
    }
END {
    for (i in data) {
        split(i,x," ")
        data1[x[2] " " x[1] " " x[3] " " x[4]] = i;
        }
    asorti(data1,sdata1);
    for (i in sdata1) {
        print data1[sdata1[i]],"t",data[data1[sdata1[i]]];
    }
}

其产生：

Fred Adams [phone]        800
Jane Doe [phone]          600
John Smith [phone]        900

在普通的awk中，通过将数组索引写入文件，对该文件进行排序，然后使用getline读回该文件，可以获得相同的结果。

Answer 2

实现这一点的方法是在读取数据时生成预SUMMARY输出，这样您就不需要将所有数据存储在一个数组中，只需要将捐款超过500美元的人存储起来，然后使用插入排序算法按所需顺序将其插入数组中。

你可以这样做：

awk -F':' '
NR==1 {
    print "header stuff"
    next
}
{
    tot = $3 + $4 + $5
    printf "%-20s%10s $%5s $%5s $%5s $%5sn", $1, $2, $3, $4, $5, tot
}
tot > 500 {
    split($1,name,/ /)
    surname = name[2]
    numContribs++
    # insertion sort, check the algorithm:
    for (i=1; i<=numContribs; i++) {
        if (surname > surnames[i]) {
            for (j=numContribs; j>i; j--) {
                surnames[j+1] = surnames[j]
                contribs[j+1] = contribs[j]
            }
            surnames[i] = surname
            contribs[i] = $1 " " $2
            break
        }
    }
}
END {
    print "SUMMARY and text below it and then the list of $500+ contributors:"
    for (i=1; i<=numContribs; i++) {
        print contribs[i]
    }
}
' lab4.data

以上不是一个功能齐全的程序。它只是为了根据您的要求向您展示正确的方法。